Gwangpyeong

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Duke Gwangpyeong
BornWang Won
1083
Goryeo
Died1170 (aged about 87/8)
Goryeo
Burial1171
Western of Baegak mountain foot
SpousePrincess Ansu
IssueWang Gyeong
Regnal name
Count Gwangpyeong
(광평백, 廣平伯; given in 1111 by King Sukjong[1])
Marquess Gwangpyeong
(광평후, 廣平侯; given during King Injong's reign)
Duke Gwangpyeong
(광평공, 廣平公; given during King Injong's reign)
HouseHouse of Wang
FatherWang Do, King Yangheon
MotherQueen Yangheon of the Incheon Yi clan
ReligionBuddhism
Korean name
Hangul
광평공
Hanja
Revised RomanizationGwangpyeong-gong
McCune–ReischauerKwang'pyŏng-gong
Birth name
Hangul
왕원
Hanja
Revised RomanizationWang Won
McCune–ReischauerWang Won

Duke Gwangpyeong (1083–1170[2]), personal name Wang Won (Korean: 왕원; Hanja: 王源) was a Goryeo Royal family member as the grandson of King Munjong, also a politician and physician who firstly honoured as Count Gwangpyeong before became a "Marquess" or "Duke" later.

Biography[edit]

Early life and relative[edit]

Born as the second son of Wang Do, Duke Joseon (조선공 왕도) who was the eldest son of King Munjong and Consort Ingyeong in 1083, he was named Won (원; 源). His mother was the second daughter of Yi Jeong (이정) from the Incheon Yi clan.[3] He had an older brother and a younger brother who would become the father of Queen Janggyeong,[4] Queen Uijeong,[5] and Queen Seonjeong.[6]

Role in the royal court[edit]

In 1086 (3rd years reign of King Seonjong), Wang Won was appointed as Geomgyosagongjuguk (검교사공주국; 檢校司空柱國) and later became Euncheonggwangnokdaebu (은청광록대부; 銀靑光祿大夫) and Sutaebu (수태부; 守太傅).[7]

During the reign of King Sukjong, Wang Won became Geomgyosaso Susagong (검교사도 수사공; 檢校司徒守司空) and Suchunggongsin Teukjingeomgyotaewi Susado (수충공신 특진검교태위 수사도; 輸忠功臣特進檢校太慰守司徒) in 1103.[8] He also received Sukjong's 3rd daughter, Princess Ansu as his wife, honoured as Count Gwangpyeong (광평백; 廣平伯) and promoted into Gaebuuidongsamsa (개부의동삼사; 開府儀同三司) in 1111 (6th years reign of King Yejong).[9] Together, they had a son who would marry Yejong's 2nd daughter, Princess Heunggyeong.[10]

During the reign of King Injong, Wang Won became Marquess Gwangpyeong (광평후; 廣平侯) and later the Duke Gwangpyeong (광평공; 廣平公) while held the position of Sutaebo (수태보; 守太保).[11]

Role in religion and medicine[edit]

During his lifetime, Wang Won was said to well versed in both of Confucianism and Buddhism, excellent in medicine (의술; 醫術) and used his ability to widely take care and treat peoples.[12] From a middle age, he fascinated with Buddhism and always read the Lotus Sutra (법화경; 法華經), which believed that he kept nearly 10,000 copies in his own mansion.[3]

Death, funeral, and legacy[edit]

In 1170 (24th years reign of King Uijong), Duke Gwangpyeong fell ill and died at the age 88 in the private residence of the Buddha (불령; 佛嶺), which inherited from his mother[12] and then buried at the western of Baegak Mountain foot a year later. There was an "Epitaph of Wang Won" (왕원묘지명; 王源墓誌銘) that written not long after his death.[13][3]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "고려사 > 권13 > 세가 권제13 > 예종(睿宗) 6년 > 3월 > 왕원을 광평백으로 책봉하다". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  2. ^ In the Korean calendar (lunar), he died on 12th day 1st month 1170.
  3. ^ a b c "고려시대 금석문·문자자료 > 묘지명·묵서명 - 墓誌銘·墨書銘 > 왕원묘지명". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  4. ^ "고려사 > 권88 > 열전 권제1 > 후비(后妃) > 의종 후비 장경왕후 김씨". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  5. ^ "고려사 > 권88 > 열전 권제1 > 후비(后妃) > 명종 후비 광정태후 김씨". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  6. ^ "고려사 > 권88 > 열전 권제1 > 후비(后妃) > 신종 후비 선정태후 김씨". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  7. ^ 국역 "고려사".: 열전. 20-28 [National "History of Goryeo".: Biographies. 20-28] (in Korean). National Culture. 2006. p. 230. ISBN 9788982080869.
  8. ^ "고려사 > 권90 > 열전 권제3 > 종실(宗室) > 문종 왕자 조선공 왕도". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  9. ^ "고려사 > 권91 > 열전 권제4 > 공주(公主) > 숙종 소생 공주 > 안수궁주". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  10. ^ "고려사 > 권91 > 열전 권제4 > 공주(公主) > 예종 소생 공주 > 흥경공주". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  11. ^ "고려사 > 권17 > 세가 권제17 > 인종(仁宗) 21년 > 6월 > 왕원과 왕원에게 관작을 내리다". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  12. ^ a b Yong-seon, Kim (2001). 역주 고려 묘지명 집성, Volume 1 [Collections of Goryeo Epitaph, Volume 1] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Hallym University Press. p. 333. ISBN 9788987086330.
  13. ^ "2018 경기천년, 고려시대의 경기문화-19". Gyeonggi Province Library (in Korean). Retrieved April 22, 2022.
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