Victorine Spears Kinloch
Victorine Spears Kinloch | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Kinloch in 1919 | |
| Born | 1885 South Carolina, US |
| Died | October 25, 1951 (aged 65–66) New York City, US |
| Spouse | James Alexander Kinloch |
| Children | 1 |
Victorine Spears Kinloch (1885 - 1951) was an African American suffragist who lived and worked in Rhode Island, New York, and California. Her sister Charlotta Bass is well known for her civil rights activities in Los Angeles.[1]
Biography[edit]
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Victorine Spears was born in 1885 in South Carolina.[1] Her parents were Hiram and Kate Spears, a prominent Black family in the area. She was one of eleven children, along with her sister Charlotta Bass.[2]
She moved from South Carolina to Providence, RI, with her sister Charlotta, and they lived with her brother Ellis Spears.[1]
Suffrage activism[edit]
In 1916, Kinloch signed the Resolution of the RI Union Colored Women's Clubs Supporting the Federal Woman Suffrage Amendment. Her signature joined those of other Black women including Mary E. Jackson.[1]
She moved from Rhode Island to New York, New York around 1920. In New York, she worked as a dressmaker in a private shop and her husband Kinloch made cigars.[1] She lived in New York until at least 1940. She was likely part of the NAACP, and highly involved in her community. She supported community efforts like fundraising for a Flood Relief Committee.[3] She was part of the New Englanders club and planned or sponsored their events,[4] and an officer of the Harlem Housewives League.[5]
She moved to California with her son and husband, near her sister Charlotta Bass. Bass owned and operated the California Eagle, the first Black woman-owned newspaper in America. Bass did not have children and intended for her nephew John Kinloch to take over the paper when she retired. However, Kinloch died in Germany during World War II.[1]
Marriage and children[edit]
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In 1921, she married James Alexander Kinloch in New York. Their son, John Spears Kinloch, was born that same year.[1]
Her son John Kinloch worked for his aunt Bass before he joined the military. He died in Germany on April 3, 1945, during WWII.[1]
Death and afterward[edit]
Victorine Spears Kinloch died on October 25, 1951, in New York City.[1]
She predeceased her son, and his remaining insurance policy passed to Charlotta Bass.[1]
See also[edit]
- African-American women's suffrage movement
- Black suffrage in the United States
- California Eagle
- Charlotta Bass
- Women's suffrage in California
- Women's suffrage in Rhode Island
Further reading[edit]
- Freer, R. (2004). L.A. Race Woman: Charlotta Bass and the Complexities of Black Political Development in Los Angeles. American Quarterly, 56(3), 607–632. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40068236
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Riordan, Katherine (2021). "Biographical Sketch of Victorine Spears". Women and Social Movements in the United States,1600-2000. Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street Press.
- ^ Charlotta Bass, National Park Service, retrieved 30 March 2022
- ^ "Mrs. Cotton chairman of flood relief committee", New York Amsterdam, New York, New York, p. 8, 13 February 1937
- ^ "Historical Characters Are Actually Revived: Juliet, Mme. DuBarry, Pocahontas, Others Rub Shoulders at New Englanders' Ball", New York Amsterdam, New York, New York, p. 7, 15 February 1936
- ^ "Housewife's league installs officers", New York Age, New York, New York, p. 2, 10 September 1932