Otostigminae

Otostigminae
	Ethmostigmus rubripes
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Chilopoda
Order:	Scolopendromorpha
Family:	Scolopendridae
Subfamily:	Otostigminae; Kraepelin, 1903
Genera
	Alipes Imhoff 1854; Alluropus Silvestri 1911; Digitipes Attems 1930; Edentistoma Tömösváry 1882; Ethmostigmus Pocock 1898; Otostigmus Porat 1876; Rhysida Wood 1862; Sterropristes Attems 1934;

Otostigminae is a large subfamily of centipedes, containing nearly half of all species in the family Scolopendridae. Members of this subfamily are abundant and widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mostly in Africa, Asia (particularly Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent), and Australia.^[1]

Classification[edit]

This subfamily includes the following genera and species:^[2]

Alipes Imhoff 1854^[3]

A. appendiculatus Pocock, 1896
A. calcipes Cook, 1897
A. crotalus (Gerstaecker, 1854)
A. grandidieri Lucas, 1864
A. madecassus Saussure & Zehntner, 1902
A. multicostis Imhoff, 1854

Alluropus Silvestri 1911^[4]

A. demangei Silvestri 1912

Digitipes Attems 1930^[5]

D. barnabasi Jangi & Dass 1984
D. chhotanii Jangi & Dass 1984
D. coonoorensis Jangi & Dass 1984
D. jangii Joshi & Edgecombe 2013
D. jonesii (Verhoeff 1938)
D. kalewaensis Siriwut, Edgecombe & Panha 2015
D. krausi Dobroruka 1968
D. periyarensis Joshi & Edgecombe, 2013
D. pruthii Jangi & Dass 1984
D. reichardti (Kraepelin 1903)
D. verdascens Attems 1930

Edentistoma Tömösváry 1882^[6]

E. octosulcatum Tömösváry,1882

Ethmostigmus Pocock 1898^[7]

E. agasthyamalaiensis Joshi & Edgecombe 2018
E. albidus (Tömösváry, 1885)
E. brownii (Butler 1877)
E. californicus Chamberlin, 1958
E. coonooranus Chamberlin 1920
E. curtipes L. E. Koch 1983
E. granulosus Pocock 1898
E. muiri L. E. Koch 1983
E. nuidor L. E. Koch 1983
E. pachysoma L. E. Koch 1983
E. parkeri L. E. Koch 1983
E. praveeni Joshi & Edgecombe 2018
E. pygomegas (Kohlrausch 1878)
E. relictus Chamberlin 1944
E. rubripes (Brandt, 1840)
E. rugosus (Haase, 1887)
E. sahyadrensis Joshi & Edgecombe 2018
E. trigonopodus (Leach, 1817)
E. tristis (Meinert, 1886)
E. venenosus (Attems, 1897)
E. waiainus Chamberlin, 1920

Otostigmus Porat 1876^[8]

O. aculeatus Haase 1887
O. amazonae Chamberlin 1914
O. amballae Chamberlin 1913
O. angusticeps Pocock 1898
O. armatus Attems 1953
O. asper Haase 1887
O. astenus (Kohlrausch 1878)
O. ateles Chamberlin 1920
O. australianus Attems 1930
O. beckeri Chagas Jr. 2012
O. beroni Lewis 2001
O. brevidentatus Verhoeff 1937
O. bürgeri Attems 1903
O. burnmurdochi Gravely 1912
O. calcanus Chamberlin 1944
O. caraibicus Kraepelin 1903
O. carbonelli Bücherl 1939
O. caudatus Brölemann 1902
O. cavalcanti Bücherl 1939
O. celebensis Attems 1934
O. ceylonicus Haase 1887
O. chiltoni Archey 1921
O. clavifer Chamberlin 1921
O. cooperi Chamberlin 1942
O. cuneiventris Porat 1893
O. dammermani Chamberlin 1944
O. demelloi Verhoeff 1937
O. denticulatus (Pocock 1896)
O. diringshofeni Bücherl 1969
O. dolosus Attems 1928
O. expectus Bücherl 1959
O. feae Pocock 1891
O. fossuliger Verhoeff 1937
O. foveolatus Verhoeff 1937
O. füellerborni Kraepelin 1903
O. gemmifer Attems 1928
O. geophilinus Haase 1887
O. giupponii Chagas Jr. 2012
O. goeldii Brölemann 1898
O. gravelyi (Jangi & Dass 1984)
O. gymnopus Silvestri 1898
O. inermipes Porat 1893
O. inermis Porat 1876
O. insignis Kraepelin 1903
O. kashmiranus Lewis 1992
O. kervillei Karsch 1888
O. kivuensis (Dobroruka 1968)
O. lanceolatus Chagas Jr. 2012
O. lavanus Chamberlin 1957
O. lawrencei Dobroruka 1968
O. leior Chamberlin 1955
O. limbatus Meinert 1886
O. longicornis (Tömösväry 1885)
O. loriae Silvestri 1894
O. martensi Lewis 1992
O. mesethus Chamberlin 1957
O. metallicus Haase 1887
O. mians Chamberlin 1930
O. multidens Haase 1887
O. muticus Karsch 1888
O. nemorensis Silvestri 1895
O. niasensis Silvestri 1895
O. noduliger Verhoeff 1937
O. nudus Pocock 1890
O. oatesi Kraepelin 1903
O. occidentalis Meinert 1886
O. olivaceus Attems 1934
O. orientalis Porat 1876
O. pahangiensis Verhoeff 1937
O. pamuanus Chamberlin 1920
O. parvior Chamberlin 1957
O. pococki Kraepelin 1903
O. politus Karsch 1881
O. poonamae Khanna & Tripathi 1986
O. productus Karsch 1884
O. proponens Chamberlin 1920
O. punctiventer (Tömösväry 1885)
O. reservatus Schileyko 1995
O. rex Chamberlin 1914
O. rugulosus Porat 1876
O. saltensis Coscarón 1959
O. salticus Schileyko, Iorio & Coulis 2018
O. samacus Chamberlin, 1944
O. scaber Porat 1876
O. scabricauda (Humbert & Saussure 1870)
O. schoutedeni (Dobroruka 1968)
O. seychellarum Attems 1900
O. silvestrii Kraepelin 1903
O. sinicolens Chamberlin 1930
O. spiculifer Pocock 1893
O. spinicaudus (Newport 1844)
O. spinosus Porat 1876
O. striolatus Verhoeff 1937
O. sucki Kraepelin 1903
O. suitus Chamberlin 1914
O. sulcatus Meinert 1886
O. sulcipes Verhoeff 1937
O. sumatranus Haase 1887
O. sutteri Würmli 1972
O. taeniatus Pocock 1896
O. tanganjikus Verhoeff 1941
O. telus Chamberlin 1939
O. therezopolis Chamberlin 1944
O. tibialis Brölemann 1902
O. tidius Chamberlin 1914
O. trisulcatus Verhoeff 1937
O. troglodytes Ribaut 1914
O. tuberculatus (Kohlrausch 1878)
O. volcanus Chamberlin 1955
O. voprosus Schileyko 1992

Rhysida Wood 1862^[9]

R. afra (Peters 1855)
R. anodonta Lawrence 1968
R. brasiliensis Kraepelin 1903
R. calcarata Pocock 1891
R. carinulata (Haase 1887)
R. celeris (Humbert & Saussure 1870)
R. ceylonica Gravely 1912
R. chacona Verhoeff 1944
R. corbetti Khanna 1994
R. crassispina Kraepelin 1903
R. ikhamala Joshi, Karanth & Edgecombe 2019
R. immarginata (Porat 1876)
R. intermedia Attems 1910
R. jonesi Lewis 2002
R. konda Joshi, Karanth & Edgecombe 2019
R. leviventer Attems 1953
R. lewisi Joshi, Karanth & Edgecombe, 2019
R. lithobioides (Newport 1845)
R. longicarinulata Khanna & Tripathi 1986
R. longicornis Pocock 1891
R. longipes (Newport 1845)
R. manchurica Miyoshi 1939
R. marginata Attems 1953
R. monalii Khanna & Kumar 1984
R. monaquensis González-Sponga, 2002
R. monticola (Pocock 1891)
R. neocrassispina Jangi & Dass 1984
R. nuda (Newport 1845)
R. pazhuthara Joshi, Karanth & Edgecombe, 2019
R. polycantha L. E. Koch 1985
R. riograndensis Bücherl 1939
R. rubra Bücherl 1939
R. sada Joshi, Karanth & Edgecombe 2019
R. singaporiensis Verhoeff 1937
R. stuhlmanni Kraepelin 1903
R. suvana Chamberlin 1920
R. trispinosa Jangi & Dass 1984
R. ventrisulcus Attems 1930

Sterropristes Attems 1934^[10]

S. sarasinorum Attems, 1934
S. violaceus Muadsub, Sutcharit, Pimvichai, Enghoff, Edgecombe & Panha, 2012

Gallery[edit]

Alipes sp. photographed in South Africa
R. nuda photographed in Brisbane, Australia
E. trignopodus photographed in South Africa
O. pococki photographed in Trinidad
E. trigonopodus photographed in Tanzania

References[edit]

^ Siriwut, Warut; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Sutcharit, Chirasak; Tongkerd, Piyoros; Panha, Somsak (2018). "Systematic revision and phylogenetic reassessment of the centipede genera Rhysida Wood, 1862 and Alluropus Silvestri, 1912 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) in Southeast Asia, with further discussion of the subfamily Otostigminae". Invertebrate Systematics. 32 (5). CSIRO Publishing: 1005–1049. doi:10.1071/IS17081. S2CID 91788424.
^ "Otostigminae Kraepelin 1903". Encyclopedia of Life. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Alipes Imhoff, 1854". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-03-26. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Alluropus Silvestri, 1911". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Digitipes Attems, 1930". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Edentistoma Tömösváry, 1882". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-02-02. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-04-25. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Otostigmus Porat, 1876". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Rhysida Wood, 1862". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Sterropristes Attems, 1934". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-04-01. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[SiriwutEtAll-1] Siriwut, Warut; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Sutcharit, Chirasak; Tongkerd, Piyoros; Panha, Somsak (2018). "Systematic revision and phylogenetic reassessment of the centipede genera Rhysida Wood, 1862 and Alluropus Silvestri, 1912 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) in Southeast Asia, with further discussion of the subfamily Otostigminae". Invertebrate Systematics. 32 (5). CSIRO Publishing: 1005–1049. doi:10.1071/IS17081. S2CID 91788424.

[EOL-2] "Otostigminae Kraepelin 1903". Encyclopedia of Life. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2023.

[ChilobaseAlipes-3] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Alipes Imhoff, 1854". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-03-26. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseAlluropus-4] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Alluropus Silvestri, 1911". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseDigitipes-5] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Digitipes Attems, 1930". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseEdentistoma-6] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Edentistoma Tömösváry, 1882". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-02-02. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseEthmostigmus-7] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-04-25. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseOtostigmus-8] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Otostigmus Porat, 1876". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseRhysida-9] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Rhysida Wood, 1862". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-05-29. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

[ChilobaseSterropristes-10] Bonato, Lucio; Chagas Junior, Amazonas; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Lewis, John G. E.; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis A.; Shelley, Rowland M.; Stoev, Pavel; Zapparoli, Marzio (2016). "Sterropristes Attems, 1934". ChiloBase 2.0 – A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Archived from the original on 2023-04-01. Retrieved 2023-07-20.

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