Habronyx
| Habronyx | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult male specimen of Habronyx victorianus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Subfamily: | Anomaloninae |
| Tribe: | Gravenhorstiini |
| Genus: | Habronyx Förster, 1868 |
Habronyx is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Ichneumonidae.[1] The species of this genus are found in Europe, Australia, and North[1] and South America.[2]
Distribution[edit]
Habronyx species are found in most realms, with the exception of the Afrotropical realm.[2]
Reproduction[edit]
Habronyx adults lay their eggs inside Lepidopteran larvae (i.e. caterpillars) by piercing them with their ovipositor.[2] Habronyx eggs consist of an equatorial disc and a caudal stalk, making them look a bit like the cartoon oil lamp from Aladdin.[3] It's thought that the shape is adapted to attach the egg to the inside of the caterpillar's integument.[4] Once the eggs hatch, the Habronyx larvae consume the caterpillar from the inside. They emerge from the deceased caterpillar as adults.
Description[edit]
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The adult of most Habronyx species are generally about 30mm in length.[3]
Like all ichneumons, the genitals of the male Habronyx consists of a capsule formed by two lateral gonosquamae. The membraneous part of the aedeagus is covered in small spines; Habryonx shares this feature with several other genera but some genera have a smooth aedeagus .[3]
Species[edit]
- Habronyx aclerivorus (Rohwer, 1915)[1]
- Habronyx albifrons (Spinola, 1851)[1]
- Habronyx amoenus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx ariasae Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997 [1]
- Habronyx atropos Gauld, 1976 [1]
- Habronyx australasiae (Morley, 1913) [1]
- Habronyx baibarense (Uchida, 1928) [1]
- Habronyx baibarensis (Uchida, 1928) [1]
- Habronyx carmonai Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997 [1]
- Habronyx citrinus Porter, 2007 [1]
- Habronyx clothos Gauld, 1976 [1]
- Habronyx coarctatus (Ashmead, 1900) [1]
- Habronyx columbianus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx discoidellus (Sonan, 1930) [1]
- Habronyx edwardsii (Cresson, 1879) [1]
- Habronyx elegans (Shestakov, 1923)[5] [1]
- Habronyx flavistigma Davis, 1898 [1]
- Habronyx flavus (Alvarado, 2015) [2] (subgenus Camposcopus)
- Habronyx foveolatus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx fulvipes (Townes, Momoi & Townes, 1965) - taxon renamed from Habronyx Chinesis (Uchida 1955)[5] [1]
- Habronyx heros (Wesmael, 1849) [1]
- Habronyx insidiator (Smith, 1874) [1]
- Habronyx lachesis Gauld, 1976 [1]
- Habronyx latens (Brues, 1910) [1]
- Habronyx limbatus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx luteopectus (Norton, 1863) [1]
- Habronyx magniceps (Cresson, 1872) [1]
- Habronyx majorocellus Wang, 1989 [1]
- Habronyx minutus Ward, 2015 [1]
- Habronyx neomexicanus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx nigricornis (Wesmael, 1849) [1]
- Habronyx nigrifrons (Alvarado, 2015) [2] subgenus Habronyx
- Habronyx oregonus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx pammi Gauld, 1976 [1]
- Habronyx peltatus Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx perspicuus (Wesmael, 1849) [1]
- Habronyx perturbans (Morley, 1913) [1]
- Habronyx punensis Porter, 2007 [1]
- Habronyx pyretorum (Cameron, 1912) [1]
- Habronyx regalis (Morley, 1913) [1]
- Habronyx robustus (Morley, 1913) [1]
- Habronyx saqsaywaman (Alvarado, 2015) [2] subgenus Habronyx
- Habronyx severini Dasch, 1984 [1]
- Habronyx sonani (Uchida, 1958) [1]
- Habronyx subinsidiator Wang, 1985 [1]
- Habronyx sulcator (Morley, 1913) [1]
- Habronyx tonnaiensis (Uchida, 1929) [1]
- Habronyx trilineatus (Cameron, 1906) [1]
- Habronyx victorianus (Morley, 1913)[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au "Habronyx (Foerster, 1868)". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f Alvarado, Mabel; Grados, Juan (2015-03-24). "Habronyx Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Anomaloninae) in Peru and Ecuador: three new species, a range extension, and a new host record". Zootaxa. 3937 (1): 50–60. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3937.1.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25947460.
- ^ a b c Gauld, I. D. (1976). "THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANOMALONINAE HYMENOPTERA ICHNEUMONIDAE". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. 33: 1–135.
- ^ Tothill, John D. (1922). The natural control of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea Drury) in Canada : together with an account of its several parasites. Ottawa: F.A. Acland, King's Printer. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.63051.
- ^ a b Townes, Henry; Momoi, Setsuya; Townes, Marjorie (1965), "A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Eastern Palaearctic Ichneumonidae", Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, no. 5, Ann Arbor, Michigan: American Entomological Institute
- ^ "Habronyx victorianus". Australian Faunal Directory. Retrieved 2022-12-17.