Gyōdō
Gyōdō (行道) is a Japanese Buddhist ceremony.
Ceremonies[edit]
Gyōdō may refer to three distinct ceremonies: ritual circumambulation of temple buildings or images while chanting sutras; masked processions during memorial services; and, in Pure Land Buddhism, reenactments of the descent of Amida.[1] Gyōdō ceremonies still take place annually on May 14 at Taima-dera, where they are also known as mukaekō (迎講) or nerikuyō (練供養).[2][3][4]
Masks[edit]
Surviving masks include a pair of masks dating from 1086 and 1334 at Tōdai-ji (ICP);[5] a set of ten masks dating from 1138 for use in the shōryō-e (聖霊会) ceremonies at Hōryū-ji (ICP);[6] thirteen Heian-period masks from Mitsuki Hachimangū (御調八幡宮) (ICP);[7] a Kamakura-period mask of Tamonten at the Tokyo National Museum;[8] a thirteenth-century bodhisattva mask at the British Museum;[9] a Kamakura-period bodhisattva mask at the National Gallery of Victoria;[10] a fifteenth-century example at the Victoria and Albert Museum;[11] and a pre-modern mask at the Smithsonian Institution.[12] A late-Heian Taishakuten of uncertain provenance was auctioned by Christie's in 2010 for $20,000.[13]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Nishikawa Kyōtarō (1978). Bugaku Masks. Kodansha. pp. 96 f. ISBN 0870113127.
- ^ Bryant, Gail Chin (1995). "The Mukaekō of Taimadera: A Case of Salvation Re-enacted". Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie. 8: 325–334. doi:10.3406/asie.1995.1100.
- ^ "Nerikuyou". Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "年中行事" [Annual ceremonies]. Taima-dera. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "木造行道面（蠅払）" [Wooden gyōdō masks]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "木造行道面（聖霊会所用）" [Wooden gyōdō masks (for use in the shōryō-e)]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "木造行道面" [Wooden gyōdō masks]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Masks". Tokyo National Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Bodhisattva mask for Gyōdō". British Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Gyodo mask of Bodhisattva". National Gallery of Victoria. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Buddhist mask". Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Gyodo mask". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "A wood Gyodo Mask of Taishakuten". Christie's. Retrieved 20 April 2012.