List of World War I aces credited with 8 victories

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Young male in German aviator's uniform
Eight victory ace Leutnant Otto Parschau was one of two German aces who began the "Fokker Scourge" in 1915. He was awarded the Pour le Mérite shortly before being killed in combat
See also: Flying ace, Aerial victory standards of World War I, and Aviation in World War I

The term ace (now commonly flying ace) was first used by French newspapers during World War I, describing Adolphe Pégoud as l'as ('the ace'), after he downed five German aircraft. When aircraft began to shoot or force down other aircraft, systems to count "air victories" were subsequently developed. The American qualification of five victories eventually became the standard, even though other air services had previously used differing figures.[1]

While "ace" status was most often won by fighter pilots, bomber and reconnaissance crews, and observers in two-seater aircraft such as the Bristol F.2b ("Bristol Fighter"), also destroyed enemy aircraft. If a two-seater aircraft destroyed an aircraft, both crew members were credited with a victory. Because pilots usually teamed with differing observer/gunners in two-seater aircraft, an observer might be an ace when his pilot was not, and vice versa.[2] The few aces among combat aviators have historically accounted for the majority of air-to-air victories in military history.[3]

Loss of records by mischance and the passage of time complicates reconstructing the actual count for given aces. The scores presented in the list cannot be definitive, but are based on itemized lists that are the best available sources of information.[4] Aces are listed after verifying the date and location of combat, and the foe vanquished, for every victory accredited by an aviator's home air service using their own aerial victory standards. Those victories for which the evidence is unavailable or fragmentary have been excluded from the victory count.

Aces[edit]

This list is complete. Notable aces are linked to their biographies.

  This along with the symbolic dagger †, indicates that the pilot was known to be either killed in action, missing in action, died of wounds, or killed in a flying accident during World War I.

Name Country Air service(s) Victories
Paul Achilles  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
John William Aldred  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6]
Gerald Frank Anderson  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Flaminio Avet  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7]
Geoffrey Bailey  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Paul Barbreau  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8]
Charles Bartlett  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Bernard Beanlands  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Donald Beard  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps. Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Ludwig Beckmann  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Edwin Benbow  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Maurice Benjamin  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Henry Biziou  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Gregory Blaxland  Australia Australian Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Giles Blennerhasset  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Karl Bohny  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Aloys Freiherr von Brandenstein  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Clive Brewster-Joske  Australia Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Edric Broadberry  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Alfred John Brown  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Howard Burdick  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Ernesto Cabruna  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7]
Alvin Callender  United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[9]
James Martin Child  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Henry Clay  United States Royal Flying Corps, United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Robert David Coath  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Edwin Cole  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Hamilton Coolidge  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
James Geoffrey Coombe  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Dieudonné Costes  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Leslie Court  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
William Craig  Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Otto Creutzmann  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Henry Crowe  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
James Dawe  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Gilbert de Guingand  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
John D. De Pencier  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Gunther Dobberke  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Percy Douglas  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Peter Roy Maxwell Drummond  Australia Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Gordon Duncan  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
William Durrand  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Harold E. Easton  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Friedrich Ehmann  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Leonard Herbert Emsden  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
William Portwood Erwin  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Walter Ewers  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Harold Ross Eycott-Martin  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Garfield Finlay  Australia Australian Flying Corps 8[7]
Desmond Fitzgibbon  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Georges Flachaire  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Austin Lloyd Fleming  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Jean Alfred Fraissinet  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Hans-Eberhardt Gandert  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Jacques Gerard  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Cyril Gladman  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Clive Glynn  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Max Gossner  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
James Grant  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Gilbert W. M. Green  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[10]
Eustace Grenfell  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Victor Groom  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Louis Prosper Gros  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Julien Guertiau  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Wolfgang Güttler  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Adolf Gutknecht  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Hans von Häbler  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Reuben Hammersley  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Frederick Harlock  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Herbert George Hegarty  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Alfred Hemming  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Heinrich Henkel  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
George Hicks  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
D'Arcy Fowlis Hilton  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Ivan F. Hind  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Wilhelm Hippert  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
William Norman Holmes  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Thomas Stanley Horry  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Richard Howard  Australia Australian Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Hans Hoyer  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Paul Hüttenrauch  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Hubert Hunt  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Frank Hunter  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Michael Hutterer  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Fritz Jacobsen  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Clinton Jones Jr.  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Ernest Graham Joy  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Kenneth William Junor  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Willi Kampe  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Karl Kaszala  Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 8[7][page needed]
Fritz Kieckhäfer  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Franz Kirchfeld  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Robert Kirby Kirkman  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Arthur Gerald Knight  Canada Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Sidney Knights  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7][page needed]
Arthur Korff  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Heinrich Kostrba  Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 8[7][page needed]
Fritz Krebs  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5][page needed]
Antoine Laplasse  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Kenneth Leask  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Forde Leathley  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7][page needed]
Alvaro Leonardi  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7][page needed]
Cecil Arthur Lewis  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Alan Light  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7][page needed]
George Lloyd  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Dudley Lloyd-Evans  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Ivan Loiko  Russia Imperial Army Air Service 8
Carlo Lombardi  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7][page needed]
William Myron MacDonald  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
William John MacKenzie  United States Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8
Donat Makijonek  Russia Imperial Army Air Service 8[7]
Reginald Malcolm  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
George Ivan Douglas Marks  Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Andre Martenot De Cordou  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Robert Massenet-Royer de Marancour  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Ernest Masters  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
M. B. Mather  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Hugh Maund  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
John McCudden  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
James McDonald  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Roderick McDonald  Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Henry Meintjes  South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, South African Air Force 8[6][page needed]
James Meissner  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Alexander W. Merchant  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Karl Meyer  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Leslie Mitchell  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Kurt Adolf Monnington  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5][page needed]
Henry Moody  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Joseph Michael John Moore  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Keith K. Muspratt  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Thomas Nash  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Gastone Novelli  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7][page needed]
Luigi Olivari  Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 8[7][page needed]
Eric Olivier  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
William O'Toole  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7][page needed]
Otto Parschau  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Edwin C. Parsons  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9][page needed]
Eric Pashley  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Arthur Peck  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Edmond Pillon  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Friedrich Poeschke  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Roger Poupon  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Philip B. Prothero  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
John Quested  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Lionel Rees  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Claus Reimer  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Karl Ritscherle  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Charles Robson  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
William Rooper  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
Alexander Roulstone  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Richard Runge  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
William J. Rutherford  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Harold Satchell  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Franklin Saunders  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Paul Sauvage  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Karl Scharon  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Hans Schilling  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Viktor Schobinger  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Carl-August von Schoenebeck  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Owen Scholte  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Wilhelm Schwartz  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Walter Scott  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Herbert Sellars  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
John Edward Sharman  Canada Royal Naval Air Service 8[6][page needed]
Walter Simon  United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed][9]
George Simpson  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Robert Sloley  South Africa Royal Flying Corps 8[6][page needed]
John Henry Smith  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Langley Smith  Canada Royal Naval Air Service 8[6][page needed]
William Watson Smith  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Bertram Smyth  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Martinus Stenseth  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Vladimir Strzhizhevsky  Russia Imperial Russian Air Force 8
John Summers  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Leslie Sutherland  Australia Australian Flying Corps, Royal Australian Air Force 8[7]
Alexander Tahy  Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 8[7]
Fritz Thiede  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]
Clifford Tolman  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Thomas Traill  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Del Vial  France Aéronautique Militaire 8[8][page needed]
Alexander Vlasto  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
John Warner  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Leslie Warren  United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 8[7]
Wilbert White  United States United States Army Air Service 8[9]
Claude Melnot Wilson  Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
William Wright  United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 8[6][page needed]
Wilhelm Zorn  German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 8[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Maksel, Rebecca (7 April 2008). "What does it take to become an "ace"?". Need to Know. Air & Space Magazine. Retrieved 20 October 2009.[dead link]
  2. ^ Franks, Bailey & Guest 1993, p. 10
  3. ^ Dunnigan 2003, p. 149
  4. ^ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 7
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Franks, Bailey and Guest (1993).
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca Shores, Franks & Guest 1990
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Franks, Guest & Alegi 1997
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Franks & Bailey (1992).
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Franks, Bailey (1992)
  10. ^ Shores (2001), p. 82.




Bibliography[edit]

  • Dunnigan, James F. (2003). How to Make War: A Comprehensive Guide to Modern Warfare in the Twenty-first Century. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-060090-12-8.
  • Durkota, Allen; Darcey, Thomas; Kulikov, Victor (1995). The Imperial Russian Air Service: Famous Pilots and Aircraft of World War I. Mountain View: Flying Machines Press. ISBN 978-0-060090-12-8.
  • Franks, Norman; Bailey, Frank W.; Guest, Russell (1993). Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918. Oxford: Grub Street. ISBN 978-0-948817-73-1.
  • Franks, Norman (2005). Sopwith Pup Aces of World War I. Aircraft of the Aces, No. 67. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-841768-86-1.
  • Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory (1997). Above the War Fronts: The British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914–1918. Oxford: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-898697-56-5.
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  • Shores, Christopher; Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell (1990). Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920. Oxford: Grub Street. ISBN 978-0-948817-19-9.
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