Yusuf Ziya Bey

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Yusuf Ziya Bey
Yusuf Ziya Koçoğlu or Koçzade[1]
Yusuf Ziya Bey
Member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey
In office
23 October 2023 - 2 August 1924
Succeeded byFethi Okyar
Personal details
Born
Yusuf Ziya Koçoğlu

1882
Adilcevaz, Bitlis vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died14 April 1925
Bitlis, Turkey
Political partyRepublican People's Party (1923-1924)
Azadî (1924-1925)
ChildrenOne
EducationBitlis State University
Military service
AllegianceOttoman Empire (1910-1920)
Ankara Gouverment (1920-1923)
Turkish State (1923-1924)
Kurdish rebels (1924-1925)
Battles/warsBalkan Wars
First World War
Turkish War of Independence
Beytussebab rebellion

Yusuf Ziya Bey or officially Yusuf Ziya Koçoğlu[2] (born 1882 in Adilcevaz - 14 June 1925 in Bitlis),[3] was a Kurdish nationalist,[4] politician and one of the first members of the Turkish Parliament.[5]

Early life[edit]

Ziya Bey was born in Adilcevaz at eastern Anatolia formely Bitlis vilayet region, as the son of Koçzade Hacı Ömer Suat Ağas.[6] When he graduated from Sultani, a type of high school in Bitlis, he started studying economics.[6] For a while he worked as a clerk in education administration and then began his political career in the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan.[7]

Political Career[edit]

On August 16, 1920, he won the election to the first Grand National Assembly as a member of Parliament from Bitlis.[2] On October 25, 1920, he was appointed a member of the Independence Court (İstiklal Mahkemesi) in Kastamonu.[2]

After founding the Society for the Defense of Rights (Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti), he took a seat in the Second Group, which was an anti-Atatürk faction.[8] This group spoke out against the abolition of the Sultanate in Parliament.[2] In the background of the talks on the Lausanne Treaty, Yusuf Ziya Bey advocated that the Vilayet of Mosul should remain part of Turkey (Mosul question).[7]

After his term as a member of parliament ended, he returned to Bitlis.[8] But he was suspected of inciting the Nestorian uprising of 1924 and of being a leading member of the Kurdish organization Azadî.[8][9]

During the Beytussebab rebellion, soldiers deserted, including his brother Lieutenant Ali Rıza Bey.[10] This led to the arrest of Yusuf Ziya Bey on October 10th.[10] He was convicted at the court martial in Bitlis under the direction of Colonel Ferit Bey.[11][12]

Convicted under the Law of Treason to the Nation (Hıyanet-i Vataniye Kanunu), he was arrested a day before the suppression of the Sheikh Said rebellion at 5:30 a.m.[12][13] As a result of the trial held at the Bitlis War Court, Yusuf Ziya Bey and the other defendants, whose crimes were proven with evidence, were sentenced to death penalty.[7][13] This sentence was carried out in Bitlis on the morning of June 14, 1925. Yusuf Ziya Bey was married and had a child. Since he died before the surname law, his family later took the surname "Koçoğlu". However, it is recorded in the Pension Registry file that his surname is "Bor".[2]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Türk Tarih Kurumu Kütüphanesi (2.01.0.2117)". kutuphane.ttk.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Yusuf Ziya Bey (KOÇOĞLU) (1882-1925)". Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). 2023-09-21. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
  3. ^ "Yusuf Ziya Bey". Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). 2023-01-03. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
  4. ^ "Yusuf Ziya Bey - Bir Mektup". Kürt Tarihi (in Turkish). 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  5. ^ At a parliamentary session on March 6, 1923 he said: I am a Kurd. But I am one of the Kurds who want the rise of Turkey, the honor of Turkey and the progress of Turkey. (Applause) The reason is my language, which gives me honor and in which I can read and write. But this is not that of my people, the Kurds, but that of the Turks. That's why I want the rise of the Turks. Wants the Turks to win honor. (Türkisches Original: Ben Kürdüm. Fakat Türkiye'nin tealisini, Türkiye'nin şerefini Türkiye'nin terakkisini temenni eden Kürtlerindenim. (Alıkışlar) Esbabı ise lisanım, bana şeref veren lisanım okur yazar olmaklığımdır. Bu ise kendi kavmim olan Kürtlerin değil, Türklerindir. Bunun için Türklerin tealisini isterim. Türklerin şereflenmesini isterim.) (Türk Parlamento Tarihi, Millî Mücadele ve TBMM I. Dönem 1919–1923, Band 2, S. 787)
  6. ^ a b "Yusuf Ziya Bey". Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). 2023-01-03. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
  7. ^ a b c Türk Parlamento Tarihi, Millî Mücadele ve TBMM I. Dönem 1919–1923, Band 3, S. 180.
  8. ^ a b c Işık, Sedat (2021-06-30). "NASTURİ İSYANI VE BİTLİS MİLLETVEKİLİ YUSUF ZİYA BEY'İN BU İSYANDAKİ ROLÜ". Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (in Turkish) (27): 260–275. ISSN 1308-6219.
  9. ^ "Yusuf Ziya Bey kimdir?". Bernamegeh (in Turkish). 2022-04-01. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  10. ^ a b Chaliand, Gérard (1993). A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan. Zed Books. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-1-85649-194-5.
  11. ^ Chaliand, Gérard (1993). A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan. Zed Books. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-1-85649-194-5.
  12. ^ a b Mehmet Nuri Dersimi: Dersim Tarihi, Eylem Yayınevi, İstanbul, S. 153
  13. ^ a b Aber nach Uğur Mumcu, Kürt - İslam Ayaklanması 1919-1925, Tekin Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991, S. 102 war es der 15. April 1925.

Further reading[edit]

  • Türk Parlamento Tarihi Millî Mücadele ve T.B.M.M. I.Dönem 1919–1923, II. Cilt (History of the Turkish Parliament, the national resistance and the first period of the TBMM 1919–1923. Volume 2), Publish: TBMM Basımevi Müdürlüğü, Ankara
  • Türk Parlamento tarihi Araştırma Grubu, Türk Parlamento Tarihi, Millî Mücadele ve TBMM I. Dönem 1919–1923, III. Cilt: I. Dönem Milletvekillerinin Özgeçmişleri (History of the Turkish Parliament, the national resistance and the first period of the TBMM 1919–1923. Volume 3: Biographies of the members of the first legislative period). Publish: TBMM Basımevi Müdürlüğü, Ankara
  • TBMM Albümü: 1. Cilt - 1920–1950, information about Yusuf Ziya Bey on page 42 (turkish)
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