Inter-Ba'athist conflict

Algeria	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Bahrain	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Egypt	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Iraq	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Jordan	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Kuwait	pro-Iraq;
Lebanon	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Libya	pro-Iraq;
Mauritania	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Palestine	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Sudan	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Syria	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Tunisia	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Yemen	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;

Arab Ba'ath	1940–1947
Arab Ba'ath Movement	1940–1947
Ba'ath Party	1947–1966
Baath Party (pro-Iraqi)	1968–2003
Baath Party (pro-Syrian)	1966–present

Inter-Ba'athist conflict
Date	1979–present
Location	Arab world
Belligerents
Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) Ba'ath Party – Syria Region; Arab Ba'ath Progressive Party; Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region; As-Sa'iqa; ; Syria; Iraq; March 8 Alliance (until 2005); Hezbollah; Iran; SSNP Supported by:; Soviet Union; Jammoul (1982–1999); Iraqi Shia militias; PLO (factions); March 8 Alliance; PFLP; DFLP; Ansar Allah	Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction) Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region; Nationalist Democratic Assembly; Ba'ath Party – Egypt Region; Arab Liberation Front; ; Ba'athist Iraq; JRTN; Islamic Army in Iraq; Free Iraqi Army; IMS; Free Syrian Army Supported by:; United States (until 1991); Saudi Arabia (until 1991); Kuwait (until 1991); Lebanese Forces; Hamas; PLO (factions)
Commanders and leaders
Hafez al-Assad; Bashar al-Assad; Maher al-Assad; Hassan Turkmani; Assef Shawkat	Saddam Hussein; Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri; Tariq Aziz; Ali Hassan al-Majid; Salah Al-Mukhtar; Raghad Hussein

The Inter-Ba'athist conflict refers to the conflict between the Syrian-led Ba'ath Party and its subgroups, and the Iraqi-led Ba'ath Party and its subgroups.

History[edit]

The conflict emerged after the Ba'ath Party split into two factions, that of Syria and that of Iraq, following the 1966 Syrian coup d'état where Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar were overthrown by Hafez al-Assad and Salah Jadid. In the 1970s, the two Ba'athist parties managed to reconcile, although the conflict erupted again as a result of the 1979 Ba'ath Party Purge in Iraq.^[1]^[2]

In 1980, when Saddam Hussein invaded Iran, leading to the Iran-Iraq war, the Syrian Ba'ath chose to ally with Iran, beginning a Syrian Baathist alliance with Shia Islamists, and an Iraqi Baathist alliance with the West and Sunni Islamists. Despite the Baath Party as a whole claiming to be secular, the conflict is partially rooted in sectarianism as the Iraqi Baath party was led by Sunnis, while the Syrian Baath party was led by Alawites.^[3] The Iraqi Baath Party supported the Muslim Brotherhood in their revolt against the Syrian Baath.^[4]

References[edit]

^ Batatu, Hanna (1999). Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00254-1.
^ Ehteshami, A. Hinnebusch, Anoushiravan, Raymond (2002). Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System. New York, USA. ISBN 0-415-15675-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival (Norton), 2006), p.154
^ "The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood". Cablegate. 26 February 1985. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

[Batatu_1999_2832-1] Batatu, Hanna (1999). Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00254-1.

[2] Ehteshami, A. Hinnebusch, Anoushiravan, Raymond (2002). Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System. New York, USA. ISBN 0-415-15675-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Nasr,_revival,1542-3] Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival (Norton), 2006), p.154

[The_Syrian_Muslim_Brotherhood2-4] "The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood". Cablegate. 26 February 1985. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

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