Dimitri's Psalter
| The Psalter of St. Demetrius | |
|---|---|
| Псалтирът на Димитър Олтарник | |
 Folio 22 | |
| Size | 13.5 x 11 cm |
| Writing | Glagolitic |
| Created | 1046-1056, 1058-1066, 1094-1106 - Northeastern Bulgaria |
| Discovered | 1975 St. Catherine's Monastery, Sinai, Egypt |
| Identification | Sin. slav. 3/N |
| Language | Old Church Slavonic |
Dimitri's Psalter is an 11th-century Glagolitic manuscript containing verses from the Psalms.[1]
History[edit]
The manuscript was discovered in 1975 in the Sinai Monastery of St. Catherine. It is currently still located in the monastery. The manuscript is completely preserved, and contains 145 leaves measuring 13.5 x 11 cm and has its original binding intact.[2] The text dates back to the 11th century according to Boryana Velcheva.[3]
The manuscript was published in its entirety in 2012 by Austrian historians.[4][5]
Description[edit]
The publisher of the description of the manuscript, Ioannis Tarnanidis, called it "The Psalter of Dmitry the Altarnik" on the basis of an entry on folio 1a, where the expression ⰰⰸⱏ ⰴⱏⰿⱅⱃⱏ ⰳⱃⰵⱎⱀⰺⰽⱏ (az дъмтръ гіріні) is followed by the beginning of a word that has not been preserved in full: ⱁⰾ(...), presumably, this is the beginning of the word ol (tarnik) . The name "Dmitry" is repeated on folio 141b: az dmtryi pisakh se.[2]
The manuscript contains the Psalm of David, and contains the writings of two various scribes. The first is believed to have written the leaves: 1b-2a, 3a, 35b-141b, 142a-145b, and the second wrote the rest. Both scribes are alternating with different handwriting, and there are many unfilled pages in between that are filled with notes and prayers in Glagolitic writing.
The writing shows the transition between Old and Late Bulgarian alphabets, as it contains orthography with ⱏ, the use of four yus, the presence of ⱋ, ⱎ, and ⱅ, and the clarification of reduced vowels with Cyrillic influence.
There are multiple notes and inserts in the manuscript in Greek, Latin, and Glagolitic. There are deuterocanonical texts, and recipes to protect against various ailments. The texts of the recipes contain unknown and little-known words and expressions that shed light on the culture of Old Bulgaria, such as: ⱍⰰⰹ (chai), ⱁⰱⱏⱃⰺⱀⱏ (obrin), ⱂⱁⰽⱃⰺⰲⱏⱀⱁ ⰾⰺⱄⱅⰲⱏⰵ (crooked foliage), ⰸⱁⰴⱏ (zod), ⱁⰿⰰⱀⱏ (Oman), ⰿⱁⱅⱏⰹⰾⰰ (mot'ila), ⱄⱅⱆⰴⰵⱀⰺⱌⰰ (jelly), and ⱍⱔⰱⱃⰵⱀⱁ (чѧbreno).[6]
According to Professor Boryana Velcheva, localizing features, such as the frequent use of the conjunction "ти" make it possible to assume that the origin of the manuscript comes from Northeastern Bulgaria. The main text of the manuscript contains characters such as "ⱓ" instead of "ⱙ", which likely indicates the influence of Serbian or Croatian scribes.
Sample text[edit]
| Glagolitic text | Modern Bulgarian |
|---|---|
| ⱅⰵⰱⰵ ⰿⰾⱘ ⰳⰺ ⰺⱄ ⰵ ⱈⱃⰵ ⰲⰵⰴⱃⱏⰶ
ⰺⱅⰵⰾⱆ: ⰴⰰ ⱁⱅⱏ ⱂⱆⱄⱅⰺⱎⰺ ⰲⱄⱔ ⰳⱃⱝⱏⱏⰺ ⰿⱁⱙ: ⱂⱃⱝⰶⰴⰵ ⰴⰰⰶⰵ ⱀⰵ ⱆⰿⱃⱘ: ⰺ ⰴⰰ ⱀⰵ ⱂⱁⱃⰰⰴⱆⰵⱅⱏ ⱄⱔ ⱆⰿⱏ ⱀⰵⰲⰾⱏ ⰿⱁⰺ: ⰺ ⱅⰵⰱⰵ ⰿⰾ ⱘ ⱄⱅⱏⰺ ⱂⰵⱅⱃⰵ: ⰺⰶⰵ ⰴⱃⱏⰶⰺⱎ ⰺ ⰽⰾⱓⱍⱐ ⱌⱃⱄⱅⰲⱆ ⱀⰵⰱⱄⱀⱆⰿ ⱆ. ⰺ ⰴⰰ ⰿⰺ ⱃⰰⰸⰴⱃⱝⱎⰺ ⰳⱃⱝⱈⱏⰺ ⰿⱁⰵⰺ ⱀⰰ ⰸⰵⰿⰺ ⰴⰰⰶⰴⱏ ⰿⰺ ⰳⰺ ⰺⱄ ⱈⱃⰵ ⰽⱃⱝ ⱂⱁⱄⱅⱏ ⱄ ⱀⰱⱄⰵ ⰴⰰ ⱂⱁⰱⱝⰶⰴⱘ ⰴⰺⱝ ⰲⱁⰾⰰ ⰲ ⱏⰴⱏⱋⰰⰳⱁ ⰺ ⰱⱁⱃⱔⱋⰰ ⱄⱔ ⱄⱏ ⰿⱀⱁⱙ: |
Тебе молѫ господи исоусе христе вседръж
етилоу: да отъпоустиши всѧ грѣхъи моѩ: прѣжде даже не оумрѫ: и да не порадоуетъ сѧ оумъ неволъ мои: и тебе мол ѫ свѧтъи петре: иже дръжиш и ключь царьствоу небесноум оу. И да ми раздрѣши грѣхъи моеи на земи и даждъ ми господи исоусе христе крѣпостъ сънебесе да побѣждѫ диѣвола в ъдъщаго и борѧща сѧ съ мноѭ: (folio 144b) |
| ⰵⰳⰴⰰ ⰴⱔⱄⱀⱏⰹ ⰳⱀⱏ
ⱙⱅⱏ: ⱅⱁ ⱍⱔⰱⱃⱏ ⱀⱁ ⰽⱁⱃⱔⱀⱏⰵ ⱄ ⱏⱅ ⰵ ⱃⱏ ⱀⰰⱄⰺⱂⰰⰹ: |
Егда дѧсны гнъ
ѭтъ: то чѧбръ но корѧнъе съте ръ насипаи: (folio 141b) |
| ⰵⰳⰴⰰ ⰽⰰⱎⱏⰾⰵⱅⱏ ⱍⰾⰲⰽⱏ
ⱅⱁ ⱁⰿⰰⱀⱏ ⰲⰰⱃⰺⰲⱏ ⱎⰵ ⰲⱐ ⰲⰺⱀⱝ: ⰹ: ⱍⰰⰹ ⰲⱁⰾⰺⱝⱅⰺ ⰴⰰ ⰵⰴⰺⱀⱘ ⰺⱄⱂⱏⰵⱅⱏ: |
Егда кашълетъ чловѣкъ
то оманъ варивъ ше вь винѣ: и: чаи волиѣти да единѫ испъетъ: (folio 141c) |
External links[edit]
Sources[edit]
- Nikolaevich Severĭyanov, Sergey (1922). Синайская псалтырь. Глаголический памятник XI века (in Russian). Saint Petersburg.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Hamm, Josip (1957). "Slavistički sastanak u Beogradu; Nova izdanja starih tekstova i priručnika". Slovo: časopis Staroslavenskoga instituta u Zagrebu (in Croatian). 6-7-8: 414–420.
- Nazor, Anica (2 November 1996). "Bašćanski ostrišci iz 12. st". Vjesnik (in Croatian). Zagreb. p. 17.
- Rosenschon, Ursula (1994). "Sechs Seiten medizinischer Rezepte im glagolitischen Psalter 3/N des Sinaiklosters". Byzantinoslavica (in German). 55 (2): 304–335.
- Marti, Roland (1999). "Abecedaria. A Key to the Original Slavic Alphabet". Thessaloniki – Magna Moravia. pp. 175–200.
- Miklas, Heinz; Gau, Melanie (2000). "Preliminary Remarks on the Old Church Slavonic Psalterium Demetrii Sinaitici". The Bible in Slavic Tradition. p. 21.
References[edit]
- ^ Miklas, Heinz; Hürner, Dana (2015). "A Numerical Approach For Dating And Localising Glagolitic-Old Church Slavonic Documents On Graphemic Grounds" (PDF). kpfu.ru. University of Vienna.
- ^ a b "3/N Tarnanidis, Ioannes. The Psalter of Dimitri the Oltarnik. в: The Slavonic Manuscripts Discovered in 1975 at St. Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai. Thessaloniki, 1988, стр. 91 — 100" (PDF). narod.ru. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-02-19. Retrieved 2017-09-22.
- ^ Велчева, Б. (1988). Новооткрити ръкописи в Синайския манастир Св. Екатерина. Palaeobulgarica. pp. 126–129.
- ^ "Sinai 2 Publications | Computer Vision Lab". 12 December 2014. Archived from the original on 2020-11-02. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
- ^ "Манускрипт | Древние славянские памятники". mns.udsu.ru. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
- ^ "Велчева, Б. Псалтир на Димитър". Library of the University of Sofia. Archived from the original on 2008-03-29. Retrieved 2017-09-22.