List of World War II aces credited with 11–49 victories

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Fighter aces in World War II had tremendously varying kill scores, affected as they were by many factors: the pilot's skill level, the performance of the airplane the pilot flew and the planes they flew against, how long they served, their opportunity to meet the enemy in the air (Allied to Axis disproportion), whether they were the formation's leader or a wingman, the standards their air service brought to the awarding of victory credits, et cetera.

Aces[edit]

  This background, along with the symbol "†", indicates that the pilot was killed in action, missing in action, died of wounds, or was killed in a flying accident during World War II.

Name Country Service(s) Aerial victories Other aerial victories Notes
Rudolf Ehrenberger †  Germany Luftwaffe 49[1]
Reinhard Kollak  Germany Luftwaffe 49[2] Night fighter ace
Klaus Quaet-Faslem †  Germany Luftwaffe 49[3]
Alexander Pokryshkin  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 49[4] including 4 shared victories
Amet-khan Sultan  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 49[5] including 19 shared victories
Walter Borchers †  Germany Luftwaffe 48+[2] possibly 59[6] Night fighter ace
Heinz Arnold †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[7] Jet ace with 7 victories in Me 262[8]
Friedrich Beckh †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[9]
Paul Gildner †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[2] Night fighter ace
Johannes Hager  Germany Luftwaffe 48[2] Night fighter ace
Werner Stumpf †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[10]
Heinz-Gerhard Vogt †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[11]
Günter Fink †  Germany Luftwaffe 48[12]
Fritz Karch  Germany Luftwaffe 47[13]
Ernst-Georg Drünkler  Germany Luftwaffe 47[14] Night fighter ace
Heinz Golinski †  Germany Luftwaffe 47[15]
Eckhard Hübner †  Germany Luftwaffe 47[16]
Herbert Kutscha  Germany Luftwaffe 47[17]
Erich Schmidt †  Germany Luftwaffe 47[18]
Alexandru Şerbănescu †  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 47[19]
Alexander Koldunov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 47[20] including 1 shared victory
Nikolai Skomorokhov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 47[21] including 3 shared victories
Arseny Vorozheykin  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 46[22] +6 in Battles of Khalkhin Gol Ace in each of two wars (though Khalkhin Gol was undeclared)
Andrey Borovykh  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 46[23] including 17 shared victories
Hans-Heinz Augenstein  Germany Luftwaffe 46[2] Night fighter ace
Ludwig Becker †  Germany Luftwaffe 46[2] Night fighter ace
Wolfgang Böwing-Treuding †  Germany Luftwaffe 46[24]
Erwin Laskowski  Germany Luftwaffe 46[25]
Karl Rammelt  Germany Luftwaffe 46[26]
Franz Schulte  Germany Luftwaffe 46[27]
Paul Semrau †  Germany Luftwaffe 46[2] Night fighter ace
Hugo Dahmer  Germany Luftwaffe 45[28]
Ernst Düllberg  Germany Luftwaffe 45[29] Credited with 9 heavy bombers shot down[30]
Rudolf Frank †  Germany Luftwaffe 45[2] Night fighter ace
Alois Lechner †  Germany Luftwaffe 45[31] Night fighter ace
Johann Schmid †  Germany Luftwaffe 45[32]
Karl Schnörrer  Germany Luftwaffe 45[33] Jet ace with 11 victories in Me 262[8]
Credited with 9 heavy bombers shot down[34]
Gerhard Schöpfel  Germany Luftwaffe 45[35]
Georg Seidel  Germany Luftwaffe 45[36]
Vladimir Serov †  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 45[37] including 6 shared victories
Alfred Surau  Germany Luftwaffe 45[10]
Kurt Tangermann  Germany Luftwaffe 45[38]
Otto Vinzent  Germany Luftwaffe 45[39]
Ion Milu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 45
Urho Lehtovaara  Finland Finnish Air Force 44.5[40]
Manfred Eberwein  Germany Luftwaffe 44+[41]
Mato Dukovac  Croatia Croatian Air Force 44[42] Top Croatian ace
Oiva Tuominen  Finland Finnish Air Force 44[40]
Hans Frese  Germany Luftwaffe 44[43]
Karl-Wilhelm Hofmann †  Germany Luftwaffe 44[44]
Reinhold Knacke †  Germany Luftwaffe 44[2] Night fighter ace
Wilhelm Steinmann  Germany Luftwaffe 44[45]
Walther Wever †  Germany Luftwaffe 44[46]
Karl Borris  Germany Luftwaffe 43[47]
Ludwig Franzisket  Germany Luftwaffe 43[48]
Rudolf Klemm  Germany Luftwaffe 43[49]
Hubert Mütherich  Germany Luftwaffe 43[50]
Josef Pöhs †  Germany Luftwaffe 43[51]
Daniel Vizanty  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 43
Vladimir Lavrinenkov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 43[52] including 7 shared victories
Aleksey Ryazanov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 43[53] including 12 shared victories
Fyodor Arkhipenko  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 43[54] including 15 shared victories
Walter Brandt  Germany Luftwaffe 42[55]
Olli Puhakka  Finland Finnish Air Force 42[40]
Norbert Hannig  Germany Luftwaffe 42[56]
Jürgen Brocke †  Germany Luftwaffe 42[57]
Tudor Greceanu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 42
Rudolf Schmidt  Germany Luftwaffe 42[58]
Herbert Schramm †  Germany Luftwaffe 42[59]
Robert Olejnik  Germany Luftwaffe 42[60]
Nikolai Krasnov †  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 42[61] including 1 shared victory
Richard Quante †  Germany Luftwaffe 41[62]
Werner Baake  Germany Luftwaffe 41[2] Night fighter ace
Leopold Fellerer  Germany Luftwaffe 41[2] Night fighter ace
Ludwig Meister  Germany Luftwaffe 41[63] Night fighter ace
Ernst Börngen  Germany Luftwaffe 41[64]
Sergey Morgunov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 41[65]
Mikhail Pivovarov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 41[66] including 1 shared victory
Ivan Stepanenko  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 41[67] including 9 shared victories
Andrey Baklan  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 41[68] including 21 shared victories
Marmaduke 'Pat' Pattle †  South Africa Royal Air Force 41[69] Top British Commonwealth and South African ace, possibly 50+ victories. He scored all his victories on the Gloster Gladiator and the Hawker Hurricane and is the top ace of both aircraft.
Wilhelm Balthasar †  Germany Luftwaffe 40[70] +7 in Spanish Civil War Ace in each of two wars (+13 ground kills WWII)
Richard I. Bong †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 40[71] Top U.S. ace
Vitaly Popkov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 40[72]
Ivan Babak  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 40[73] including 5 shared victories
Pyotr Gnido  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 40[74] including 6 shared victories
Mikhail Komelkov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 40[75] including 7 shared victories
Wolf-Dietrich Huy  Germany Luftwaffe 40[76]
Hermann Neuhoff  Germany Luftwaffe 40[77]
Günter Steinhausen †  Germany Luftwaffe 40[45]
Eckart-Wilhelm von Bonin  Germany Luftwaffe 39[63] Night fighter ace
Dietrich Schmidt  Germany Luftwaffe 39[63] possibly 43[78] Night fighter ace
Satoru Anabuki  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 39 51 claimed
Iyozo Fujita  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 39
Peter Bremer  Germany Luftwaffe 38[55]
Hans Dortenmann  Germany Luftwaffe 38[14]
James Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 38[69] Top Spitfire Ace.
Cvitan Galić †  Croatia Croatian Air Force 38
Gerhard Koall †  Germany Luftwaffe 38[79]
Stefan Litjens  Germany Luftwaffe 38[80]
Detlev Rohwer †  Germany Luftwaffe 38[81]
Eduard Tratt †  Germany Luftwaffe 38[82]
Thomas B. McGuire †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 38[71]
Günther Bahr  Germany Luftwaffe 39[63] Night fighter ace
Klaus Neumann  Germany Luftwaffe 37[83] Jet ace with 5 victories in Me 262[8]
Heinz Bretnütz  Germany Luftwaffe 37[84]
Waldemar Radener  Germany Luftwaffe 37[85] Credited with 11 heavy bombers shot down[86]
Sergey Luganski  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 37
Wilhelm Beier  Germany Luftwaffe 36[63] Night fighter ace
Helmut Bergmann †  Germany Luftwaffe 36[63] Night fighter ace
Walter Ehle †  Germany Luftwaffe 36[63] Night fighter ace
Friedrich Körner  Germany Luftwaffe 36[87]
Maximilian Volke †  Germany Luftwaffe 36[88]
Olavi Puro  Finland Finnish Air Force 36[40]
Nils Katajainen  Finland Finnish Air Force 35.5[40]
Heinrich Graf von Einsiedel  Germany Luftwaffe 35[89]
Bruno Stolle  Germany Luftwaffe 35[90]
Aleksey Alelyukhin  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 34[91] including 6 shared victories
Vladimir Bobrov  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 34[92] +13 and 4 shared in Spanish Civil War including 11 shared victories
Klaus Bretschneider  Germany Luftwaffe 34[84] incl. 14 as Night fighter ace
Heinz-Horst Hißbach †  Germany Luftwaffe 34[63] Night fighter ace
Wilhelm Johnen  Germany Luftwaffe 34[63] Night fighter ace
Karl Kennel  Germany Luftwaffe 34[93]
David McCampbell  United States U.S. Navy 34[71] Top U.S. Navy ace, Ace in a day on two different occasions
Johannes Naumann  Germany Luftwaffe 34[94]
Toshio Ota †  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 34
Heinz-Martin Hadeball  Germany Luftwaffe 33[63] Night fighter ace
Josef Kociok †  Germany Luftwaffe 33[63] Night fighter ace
Heinz Knoke  Germany Luftwaffe 33[95]
Ernst-Wilhelm Modrow  Germany Luftwaffe 33[63] possibly 34[96] Night fighter ace
Pierre Clostermann  France Free French Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		33[69] Top French ace
Erich Brunotte  Germany Luftwaffe 33
Günther Bleckmann †  Germany Luftwaffe 33[97]
Lauri Nissinen †  Finland Finnish Air Force 32.5[40]
Werner Husemann  Germany Luftwaffe 32[63] Night fighter ace
Ján Režňák  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 32 Top Slovak ace, possibly 35 victories
Kyösti Karhila  Finland Finnish Air Force 32[40]
Hugo Frey †  Germany Luftwaffe 32[48] Credited with 25 heavy bombers shot down[98]
Kazuo Sugino  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 32
Adolph 'Sailor' Malan  South Africa Royal Air Force 32
George F. "Buzz" Beurling  Canada Royal Air Force 31.5[69] Top Canadian ace of WWII
Hans-Karl Mayer †  Germany Luftwaffe 31[99] +8 in Spanish Civil War Ace in each of two wars
Paul-Hubert Rauh  Germany Luftwaffe 31[63] Night fighter ace
Karl-Heinz Scherfling †  Germany Luftwaffe 31+[63] Night fighter ace
Alexandr Kumanichkin  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 31
Jorma Karhunen  Finland Finnish Air Force 31[40]
Dezső Szentgyörgyi  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 30.5 Top Hungarian ace
Pavel Golovachev  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 30+
Gerhard Friedrich †  Germany Luftwaffe 30[63] Night fighter ace
Paul Brandt  Germany Luftwaffe 30[47]
Karl-Heinz Langer  Germany Luftwaffe 30[100]
Robert Roland Stanford Tuck  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 30
William Vale  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 30 +6 shared
Franz Blazytko  Germany Luftwaffe 30[97]
Erich Bartz  Germany Luftwaffe 30[101]
Friedrich-Karl "Nasen" Müller  Germany Luftwaffe 30[102] Night fighter ace
Kaneyoshi Mutoh †  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 30
Ryotaro Jobou  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 30
Emil Vesa  Finland Finnish Air Force 29.5[40]
Rudolf Altendorff  Germany Luftwaffe 29[103] Night fighter ace
Günther Bertram  Germany Luftwaffe 29[97] Night fighter ace
Fritz Gromotka  Germany Luftwaffe 29[104]
Paul Szameitat †  Germany Luftwaffe 29[102] Night fighter ace
Heinrich Wohlers †  Germany Luftwaffe 29[102] Night fighter ace
Bob Braham  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 29[69] Night fighter ace
Clive Caldwell  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 28.5[69] Top Australian ace of WWII. Top P-40 ace. Ace in a day.
Tapio Järvi  Finland Finnish Air Force 28.5[40]
Izidor Kovárik  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 28 possibly 29
Igor Kaberov  Soviet Union Soviet Naval Aviation 28[105] including 18 shared victories
Max Bucholz  Germany Luftwaffe 28[106] Ace in a day
Ernst Andres †  Germany Luftwaffe 28
Anton Benning  Germany Luftwaffe 28[107][102] Night fighter ace
Hans-Heinrich Koenig †  Germany Luftwaffe 28[108]
Yasuhiko Kuroe  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 28 +2 in Actions in Mongolia 51 claimed
"Paddy" Finucane †  Ireland Royal Air Force 28 Top Irish ace
"Ginger" Lacey  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 28[69]
Francis "Gabby" Gabreski  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 28 +6.5 in Korean War Ace in each of two wars (+2.5 ground kills WWII)
Gregory "Pappy" Boyington  United States American Volunteer Group; U.S. Marine Corps 28 Ace status on 2 different air forces. Includes six kills he claimed with the AVG, though records indicate he had only 2 aerial kills and 1.5 kills on the ground.
Saburō Sakai  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 28 Includes unknown number of shared. Claims 64 total victories.
Willi Reschke  Germany Luftwaffe 28[109] Credited with 20 heavy bombers shot down[98]
Colin Falkland Gray  New Zealand Royal Air Force 27.5 Top New Zealand ace
Rudolf Busch  Germany Luftwaffe 27+[106]
Heinz Beyer  Germany Luftwaffe 27[97]
Alfred Burk  Germany Luftwaffe 27[106]
Neville Duke  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 27
Wilhelm Mayer †  Germany Luftwaffe 27[110]
Lothar Linke †  Germany Luftwaffe 27[111] Night fighter ace
Hans Remmer †  Germany Luftwaffe 27[112] Credited with 8 heavy bombers shot down[34]
Constantin Rozariu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 27
Robert S. Johnson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 27
Charles H. MacDonald  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 27
Junichi Sasai †  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 27
Sadaaki Akamatsu  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 27
George E. Preddy, Jr. †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 26.83 Ace in a day (+5 ground kills)
Eric Lock †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 26.5
Emil Clade  Germany Luftwaffe 26[106]
Franz Stigler  Germany Luftwaffe 26[10]
Peter Werfft  Germany Luftwaffe 26[113] Credited with 14 heavy bombers shot down[114]
Klaus Alakoski  Finland Finnish Air Force 26[40]
Nobuo Ogiya  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 26
Ján Gerthoffer  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 26
Joseph J. Foss  United States U.S. Marine Corps 26 Top ace under USMC-only service
György Debrődy  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 26
Lajos Tóth  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 26
Russell Bannock  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 25.5 includes 19 V-1 flying bombs
Egon Albrecht-Lemke †  Germany
 Brazil 		Luftwaffe 25[115]
Lance C. Wade †  United States Royal Air Force 25[116] Top US ace in RAF
Ludwig Bellof  Germany Luftwaffe 25
Wolfgang Lippert †  Germany Luftwaffe 25[117] +5 in Spanish Civil War Ace in each of two wars
Robert M. Hanson †  United States U.S. Marine Corps 25
Boris Safonov †  Soviet Union Soviet Naval Aviation 25 +14 shared
Naoshi Kanno  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 25
László Molnár †  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 25
Frank Reginald Carey  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 25
Josef Fözö  Germany Luftwaffe 24[118] +3 in Spanish Civil War
John C. Meyer  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 24 +2 in Korean War (+13 ground kills)
Walter Adolph †  Germany Luftwaffe 24[115] +1 in Spanish Civil War
Ernst-Erich Hirschfeld †  Germany Luftwaffe 24[119] Including 8 as a night fighter pilot[120]
Willy Unger  Germany Luftwaffe 24[98] Credited with 21 heavy bombers shot down[98]
Karl-Heinz Krahl †  Germany Luftwaffe 24[121]
George Gilroy  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 24[122]
Cecil E. Harris  United States U.S. Navy 24
Johannes Le Roux  South Africa Royal Air Force 23.5 Generally credited with attacking & wounding Erwin Rommel in his staff car in Normandy on 17 July 1944
Hans Autenrieth  Germany Luftwaffe 23[103] Night fighter ace
Horst Patuschka †  Germany Luftwaffe 23[123]
Peter Spoden  Germany Luftwaffe 23[124] Night fighter ace
Fritz Müller  Germany Luftwaffe 23[125] Jet ace with 6 victories in Me 262[8]
Erich Woitke †  Germany Luftwaffe 23[126] +4 in Spanish Civil War
Fred Ohr  United States U.S. Army Air Corps 23 Top Korean-American ace, +17 Ground kills
Marcel Albert  France Free French Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		23 Probably 2 more
Douglas Bader  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 23[69] All 23 kills scored after losing both legs in a 1931 aircraft crash
Eugene A. Valencia  United States U.S. Navy 23[71]
Kalevi Tervo  Finland Finnish Air Force 23[40]
Jorma Saarinen  Finland Finnish Air Force 23[40]
Eero Kinnunen  Finland Finnish Air Force 22.5[40]
David C. Schilling  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 22.5[71] (+10.5 ground kills)
Helmut-Felix Bolz  Germany Luftwaffe 22[24] possibly 56,[127] +3 in Spanish Civil War
Rolf Pingel  Germany Luftwaffe 22[51] +6 Spanish Civil War Ace in each of two wars
Teresio Vittorio Martinoli †  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 22 Top Italian ace of WWII; +14 shared
Leonardo Ferrulli †  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 22
Artur Beese †  Germany Luftwaffe 22[128]
Alan Christopher Deere  New Zealand Royal Air Force 22[69]
Reinhold Eckardt †  Germany Luftwaffe 22[129] Night fighter ace
Gerald R. Johnson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 22[71]
Neel E. Kearby †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 22
Desmond McMullen  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 22
Jay T. Robbins  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 22
Ion Mucenica  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 22
Dominic S. Gentile  United States Royal Air Force;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		21.83 victories with 2 air forces (+7 ground kills)
Rolf Kaldrack †  Germany Luftwaffe 21+[130] +3 in Spanish Civil War
Donald Kingaby  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 21 +2 shared
Antti Tani  Finland Finnish Air Force 21.5[40]
William V. Crawford-Crompton  New Zealand Royal Air Force 21.5
Raymond Brown Hesselyn  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 21.5
Fred J. Christensen  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 21.5
Ray S. Wetmore  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 21+1⁄4 (+2 ground kills)
Herbert Altner  Germany Luftwaffe 21[103] Night fighter ace
Branse Burbridge  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 21[69] Top RAF night fighter ace
Archie McKellar †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 21[131] Ace in a day
Jean Demozay  France Royal Air Force 21[69]
Franco Lucchini †  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 21 +6 in Spanish Civil War Ace in each of two wars (+52 shared WWII)
Franz von Werra †  Germany Luftwaffe 21[132]
John J. Voll  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 21[71]
Kenneth A. Walsh  United States U.S. Marine Corps 21[133]
Paavo Myllylä  Finland Finnish Air Force 21[40]
Walker 'Bud' Melville Mahurin  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 20.75 +3.5 in Korean War
Helmut Baudach  Germany Luftwaffe 20+[101] Jet ace with 5 victories in Me 262[8]
Donald N. Aldrich  United States U.S. Marine Corps 20[133]
Rudolf Artner  Germany Luftwaffe 20[7]
Hans Berschwinger †  Germany Luftwaffe 20[129] Night fighter ace
Ernst Richter  Germany Luftwaffe 20 12 claimed at the Eastern front and 8 at the Western front
Cristea Chirvasuta  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 20
Michael Crossley  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 20
Thomas J. Lynch †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 20
Evan Mackie  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 20 +3 shared
Henry Wallace McLeod †  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 20
Gerhard Sommer †  Germany Luftwaffe 20[134]
Robert B. Westbrook †  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 20
Vernon Crompton Woodward  Canada Royal Air Force 20
Viktor Pyötsiä  Finland Finnish Air Force 19.5[40]
Väinö Suhonen  Finland Finnish Air Force 19.5[40]
Geoffrey Allard  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 19 +5 shared
Herbert Hallowes  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 19
Paul Becker  Germany Luftwaffe 19[128]
Erhard Peters †  Germany Luftwaffe 19[135] Night fighter ace
Adolf Kalkum  Germany Luftwaffe 19[130]
Franco Bordoni  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 19 5 victories with biplane; +18 shared
Roy Dutton  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 19
Winfried Schmidt  Germany Luftwaffe 19[18]
W. G. G. Duncan Smith  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 19 DSO*, DFC**
Luigi Gorrini  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 19 1 victory with biplane, 24 victories claimed
John "Cat's Eyes" Cunningham  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 19 Night fighter ace
Glenn E. Duncan  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 19 (+7.8 ground kills)
James Francis Edwards  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 19
Patrick D. Fleming  United States U.S. Navy 19
Cornelius N. Nooy  United States U.S. Navy 19
John Lucian Smith  United States U.S. Marine Corps 19
Alexander Vraciu  United States U.S. Navy 19 Ace in a Day – 6 victories in one sortie 6/19/1944, averaged 10 rounds/gun/victory in that mission
Erik Teromaa  Finland Finnish Air Force 19[40]
Constantin Lungulescu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 19
Stanisław Skalski Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		18.91 Top Polish ace, first Allied ace of the WW2
Arthur J. Benko  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18.5 highest scoring American aerial gunner of the WW2
Marion E. Carl  United States U.S. Marine Corps 18.5
Lauri Pekuri  Finland Finnish Air Force 18.5[40]
Leonard K. Carson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18.5 (+3.5 ground kills)
Glenn Eagleston  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18.5 +2 in Korean War (+5 ground kills)
Wilbur J. Thomas  United States U.S. Marine Corps 18.5
Lev Shestakov †  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 18[136] +2 and 1 shared in Spanish Civil War +9 shared
Yukiyoshi Wakamatsu  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 18+
Motomitsu Aoki †  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 18 Korean pilot during the Japanese occupation era. Up to 23 claimed. KIA during the Korean War as Brig. Gen. Geun-Seok Lee of the ROK Air Force
Tateo Katō  Japan Imperial Japanese Army 18 up to 30 claimed
Karel Kuttelwascher  Czechoslovakia Royal Air Force 18 possibly 20
Harry von Bülow-Bothkamp  Germany Luftwaffe 18 +6 in World War I Ace in each of two wars
Witold Urbanowicz Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		18
Walter C. Beckham  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18
Adrian Boyd  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 18
Herschel H. Green  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18
John C. "Pappy" Herbst  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 18
George Urquhart Hill  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 18
Albert Gerald Lewis  South Africa Royal Air Force 18 Ace in a day
Miklós Kenyeres  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 18
Alfred Marshall †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 18
Charles H. Older  United States American Volunteer Group;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		18 Ace status on 2 different air forces
Takeo Tanimizu  Japan Imperial Japanese Navy 18
Pierre Le Gloan †  France French Air Force;
Free French Air Force 		18 Ace in a day
Hubert Zemke  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17.75
John B. England  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17.5
Duane W. Beeson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17+1⁄3 (+4.8 ground kills)
Jouko Huotari  Finland Finnish Air Force 17.5[40]
John F. Thornell  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17+1⁄4 (+2 ground kills)
Henry William Brown  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17.2 (+14.5 ground kills)
Theodor Rossiwall  Germany Luftwaffe 17[81] +2 Spanish Civil War
Michael Arooth  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17 B-17 Flying Fortress tail gunner
Rudolf Božík  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 17
Ugo Drago  Kingdom of Italy
 Italian Social Republic 		Regia Aeronautica;
Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana 		17
Edgar Kain †  New Zealand Royal Air Force 17 First RAF fighter ace of WWII
William "Willie" McKnight  Canada Royal Air Force 17
Josef Frantisek  Czechoslovakia Royal Air Force 17
Jorma Sarvanto  Finland Finnish Air Force 17[40] Ace in a day (four minutes)
Yrjö Turkka  Finland Finnish Air Force 17[40]
Gerald W. Johnson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17
James S. Varnell Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 17
Bolesław Gładych Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
French Air Force;
Royal Air Force;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		17 victories with 3 air forces
Keith Truscott  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 17
Petrus Hugo  South Africa Royal Air Force 17
Stanley Orr  United Kingdom Fleet Air Arm 17
Paul Galland †  Germany Luftwaffe 17[137]
Tony Lovell  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 16 +6 shared (+1 ground kill)
Eugeniusz Horbaczewski Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		16.5
William T. Klersy †  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 16.5 (+2 ground kills)
Aulis Lumme  Finland Finnish Air Force 16.5[40]
James MacLachlan  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 16.5 7.5 after the amputation of his left arm
Eero Riihikallio  Finland Finnish Air Force 16.5[40]
Nigel Cullen  Australia Royal Air Force 16.5
John T. Godfrey  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 16+1⁄3 (+18 ground kills)
Adrian Goldsmith  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 16+1⁄4
Clarence E. Anderson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 16+1⁄4 Highest scoring living American air ace. (+1 ground kill)
Les Clisby  Australia Royal Air Force 16
Franjo Dzal  Croatia Croatian Air Force 16
Douglas Baker †  United States U.S. Navy 16
Eero Halonen  Finland Finnish Air Force 16[40]
Bill Harris  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 16
Buck McNair  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 16
John Plagis  Rhodesia Royal Air Force 16 Top Rhodesian ace
Michael Robinson †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 16
Ioan Dicezare  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 16
Ira C. Kepford  United States U.S. Navy 16
Charles R. Stimpson  United States U.S. Navy 16
Stan Turner  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 16
William T. Whisner, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 16 +5.5 in Korean War Ace in each of two wars (+3.5 ground kills WWII)
George Welch  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 16
Edmond Marin la Meslée †  France French Air Force 16
Mario Visintini  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 16 +1 in Spanish Civil War Top Biplane ace of WWII (+32 ground kills)
Vasile Gavriliu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 16
Ernest Mason  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 15+ +2 shared
John Lloyd Waddy  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 15.5
Donald M. Beerbower  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15.5
Brian Carbury  New Zealand Royal Air Force 15.5 Ace in a day
Edward F. Charles  Canada Royal Air Force 15.5
Richard A. Peterson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15.5 (+3.5 ground kills)
James E. Swett  United States U.S. Marine Corps 15.5 Ace in a day
David Lee "Tex" Hill  United States American Volunteer Group;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		15+1⁄4 Ace status on 2 different air forces
Mark Henry Brown †  Canada Royal Air Force 15 +4 shared First Canadian ace of WWII
Semyon Bychkov  Soviet Union
 Germany 		Soviet Air Force
Luftwaffe 		15[138] including 5 shared victories. Taken as prisoner and served in Luftwaffe
Martti Alho  Finland Finnish Air Force 15[40]
Ljudevit Bencetic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 15
Jack T. Bradley  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
Samuel J. Brown  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
Edward "Porky" Cragg  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
František Cyprich  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 15 possibly 18
Kenneth H. Dahlberg  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
Robert Francis Thomas "Bob" Doe  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 15 Includes two shared. One more probable.
William D. Dunham  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
Robert W. Foy  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
John "Jack" Frost †  South Africa South African Air Force 15
Raymond Harries  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 15 +3 shared
Ralph K. Hofer  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15 (+14 ground kills)
Cyril F. Homer  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 15
Paterson Hughes  Australia Royal Air Force 15
Georg Kraft †  Germany Luftwaffe 15[120] Night fighter ace
Don C. Laubman  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 15
Ian Roy MacLennan  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 15
Harold L. Spears †  United States U.S. Marine Corps 15
Stoyan Stoyanov  Bulgaria Royal Bulgarian Air Force 15
Alois Vašátko †  Czechoslovakia Royal Air Force 15
Donald H. Bochkay  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14.84
Donald J. Blakeslee  United States Royal Air Force;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		14.5 victories with 2 air forces
John D. Landers  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14.5 (+20 ground kills)
Aaro Nuorala  Finland Finnish Air Force 14.5[40]
Joseph H. Powers, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14.5
Ronald Berry  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 14 +10 shared
Johnnie Checketts  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 14.5
Henry Brown  United States U.S. Army Air Force 14.5 (+14.5 ground kills)
Charles Scherf  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 14.5 (+9 ground kills)
David Fairbanks  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 14 Top Hawker Tempest ace with 13 of his 14 victories scored on it.
Mario Bellagambi  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 14
Svein Heglund  Norway Royal Air Force 14
Sophus Baagoe †  Germany Luftwaffe 14[139]
William Klersy †  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 14 (+1 shared)
Günther Wegmann  Germany Luftwaffe 14[88] Jet ace with 8 victories in Me 262[8]
Robert Boyd  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 14 (also 7 shared)
František Brezina  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 14
Bruce W. Carr  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14 (+10 ground kills)
Robert C. Curtis  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
Robert M. DeHaven  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
Archie Donahue  United States U.S. Marine Corps 14
Wallace N. Emmer  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
James A. Goodson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14 (+13 ground kills)
Arthur R. Hawkins  United States U.S. Navy 14
Arthur F. Jeffrey  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
Edward O. McComas  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
Elbert S. McCuskey  United States U.S. Navy 14
Donald McKay  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 14 + one unconfirmed
Daniel T. Roberts, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 14
Gray Stenborg †  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 14[140]
John L. Wirth  United States U.S. Navy 14
István Fábián  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 14
István Kálmán  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 14
George Carpenter  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13.833 (+4 ground kills)
William Henry Franklin  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13.5
George Chamberlain Duncan  United States U.S. Navy 13.5
Pekka Kokko  Finland Finnish Air Force 13.5[40]
Heimo Lampi  Finland Finnish Air Force 13.5[40]
Roger W. Mehle  United States U.S. Navy 13.5
Donald J. Strait  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13.5
Donald S. Bryan  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13.3 Ace in a day
Darrell S. Cramer  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Hans Hahn*  Germany Luftwaffe 13[141] Night fighter ace
Ivo von Lubich-Edler Milowa*  Germany Luftwaffe 13[111]
John Wong Pan-Yang  United States Chinese Nationalist Air Force 13
James L. Brooks  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Jan Zumbach Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		13
Safet Boskic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 13
Mervyn Shipard  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 13
Daniel A. Carmichael, Jr.  United States U.S. Navy 13
James N. Cupp  United States U.S. Marine Corps 13
Clyde B. East  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Robert E. Galer  United States U.S. Marine Corps 13
John F. Hampshire  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Bruce K. Holloway  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
William P. Marontate  United States U.S. Marine Corps 13
Willard. W. Millikan  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13 (+2 ground kills)
Glennon T. Moran  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13 (+3 ground kills)
Robert Neale  United States American Volunteer Group 13 (+2.5 ground kills)
László Pottyondi  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 13
László Máthé  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 13
Robin Olds  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13 +4 in Vietnam War (+11 ground kills)
James O'Meara  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13
Yrjö Pallasvuo  Finland Finnish Air Force 13[40]
Harry A. Parker  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Roy W. Rushing  United States U.S. Navy 13
Edward O. Shaw †  United States U.S. Marine Corps 13
John Shepherd  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13 Also destroyed 7 V-1 flying bombs Total includes five shared.
AJ "Jackie" Sewell  United Kingdom Fleet Air Arm 13
Roderick Smith  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 13[142] (+1 shared victory and 1 shared probable)
Robert W. Stephens  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
John R. Strane  United States U.S. Navy 13
Robert Lee Scott, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Wendell V. Twelves  United States U.S. Navy 13
Tony Bartley  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13
Ian Richard Gleed  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13
Felix D. Williamson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 13
Tiberiu Vinca  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 13
Ioan Maga  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 13
John Webster †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 13
Henryk Pietrzak Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		12.5
Lasse Aaltonen  Finland Finnish Air Force 12.5[40]
Ted Thorn  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12.5
Frederick James Barker  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12.5 rear gunner of Ted Thorn
Andrew "Nicky" Barr  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 12.5
Tony Gaze  Australia Royal Air Force 12.5
Lowell K. Brueland  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12.5 +2 in Korean War
Kenneth D. Frazier  United States U.S. Marine Corps 12.5
David Charles "Foob" Fairbanks  United States Royal Canadian Air Force 12.5
Irving Farmer Kennedy  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 12.5
Eino Koskinen  Finland Finnish Air Force 12.5[40]
Onni Paronen  Finland Finnish Air Force 12.5[40]
Urho Sarjamo †  Finland Finnish Air Force 12.5[40]
Per-Erik Sovelius  Finland Finnish Air Force 12.5[40]
James C. Stewart  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12.5 (+1 ground kill)
James H. Howard  United States American Volunteer Group;
U.S. Army Air Forces 		12+1⁄3 victories with 2 air forces (6+1⁄3 with AVG and 6 with USAF)
Quince L. Brown  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12+1⁄3 (+2 ground kills)
Lydia Litvyak †  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 12 range 6–12 highest ranking female ace
Luigi Baron  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 12
Harold Atkinson †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12[143] (+2 unconfirmed)
Edward Crew  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12
Stanley Connors †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12[144] (+2 unconfirmed, with a half share in another unconfirmed destroyed)
Mato Culinovic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 12
George Keefer  Canada Royal Canadian Air Force 12
John A. Kent  Canada Royal Air Force 12 (+1 ground kill)
Eduard Martinko  Croatia Croatian Air Force 12
Veca Mikovic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 12
Zlatko Stipcic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 12
Marian Pisarek Poland Poland Polish Air Force;
Royal Air Force 		12
John Dundas  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12
John Freeborn  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12
Robert Barton  Canada Royal Air Force 12[145] (+5 shared victories and 2 probables)
Jozef Štauder  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 12 possibly 13
James Storrar  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12[146] (+2 shared)
Pavol Zeleňák  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 12
Bruce Bretherton  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 12
Charles Crombie  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 12
Peter Turnbull  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 12
John Yarra  Australia Royal Australian Air Force 12
Anton Matúšek  Slovak Republic Slovak Air Force 12
Leo Ahokas  Finland Finnish Air Force 12[40]
Michael Brezas  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Levi R. Chase  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Clement M. Craig  United States U.S. Navy 12
Nicholas Gresham Cooke †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12 Ace in a day
David B. Eastham  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Loren D. Everton  United States U.S. Marine Corps 12
Luigi Giannella  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 12
George W. Gleason  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12 (+2.5 ground kills)
Leroy E. Harris  United States U.S. Navy 12
Coatsworth B. Head, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Roger R. Hedrick  United States U.S. Navy 12
Howard D. Hively  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12 (+2.5 ground kills)
Kenneth G. Ladd  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Albert Lippett †  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 12 Ace in a day, turret gunner on a two-man fighter plane
William J. Masoner, Jr.  United States U.S. Navy 12
Pierce McKennon  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12 (+9.7 ground kills)
Robert W. Moore  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
József Málik †  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 12
Ferenc Málnássy †  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 12
František Peřina  Czechoslovakia Royal Air Force 12
Michael J. Quirk  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12 (+5 ground kills)
Jack Rae  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 12[147]
Attilio Sanson  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 12
Leroy A. Schreiber  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12[148] (+2 ground kills)
Harold E. Segal  United States U.S. Marine Corps 12
James A. Shirley  United States U.S. Navy 12
Norman C. Skogstad  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
William J. Sloan  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Giorgio Solaroli di Briona  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 12
Eugene A. Trowbridge  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Richard E. Turner  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12 possibly just 11 (+2 V-1 flying bombs)
James A. Watkins  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Edward Wells  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 12[149] (+4 probables)
Richard L. West  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 12
Nicholas Megura  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.84 (+3.8 ground kills)
George R. Carr  United States U.S. Navy 11.5
James A. Clark, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5 (+4.5 ground kills)
Paul A. Conger  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5
Olin E. Gilbert  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5
William T. Halton  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5 (+2 ground kills)
John A. Kirla, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5 (+.5 ground kill)
William N. Snider  United States U.S. Marine Corps 11.5
Albert O. Vorse Jr.  United States U.S. Navy 11.5
Charles E. "Chuck" Yeager  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.5 Ace in a day
Basilios Michael Vassilios "Vass" Vassiliades  Greece Royal Air Force 11.5
Liu Chi-Sheng / Liu Zhesheng  China Chinese Nationalist Air Force 11.3 Top Chinese ace
Howard Mayers  Australia Royal Air Force 11.3
Louis H. Norley  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11.3 (+5 ground kills)
Philip C. DeLong  United States U.S. Marine Corps 11.2 +2 in Korean War
Richard John Cork  United Kingdom Fleet Air Arm 11 Ace in a day
George Jameson  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 11[150] Highest scoring New Zealand night fighter pilot of WWII[150]
Ian Bedford Nesbitt Russell  Australia Royal Air Force 11
Albin Starc  Croatia Croatian Air Force 11
Josip Helebrant  Croatia Croatian Air Force 11
Stjepan Martinasevic  Croatia Croatian Air Force 11
Harold W. Bauer †  United States U.S. Marine Corps 11
John T. Blackburn  United States U.S. Navy 11
William A. Dean, Jr.  United States U.S. Navy 11
László Dániel  Hungary Royal Hungarian Air Force 11
Geoff Fisken  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 11
Carl M. Frantz  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
James B. French  United States U.S. Navy 11
Robert J. Goebel  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Ronald Hamlyn  United Kingdom Royal Air Force 11 Ace in a day
Phillip L. Kirkwood  United States U.S. Navy 11
John B. Lawler  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Hemmo Leino  Finland Finnish Air Force 11[40]
Francis J. Lent  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Leland P. Molland  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
William L. Leverette  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
John S. Loisel  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Wayne L. Lowry  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Carlo Magnaghi  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 11
Charles M. Mallory  United States U.S. Navy 11
Aleksey Maresyev  Soviet Union Soviet Air Force 11[151] 3 victories after losing his legs
Charles M. McCorkle  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Norman L. McDonald  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Hamilton McWhorter III  United States U.S. Navy 12
John W. Mitchell  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11 +4 in Korean War
Urho Nieminen  Finland Finnish Air Force 11[40]
Harvey P. Picken  United States U.S. Navy 11
James V. Reber, Jr.  United States U.S. Navy 11
Elmer W. Richardson  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11 possibly just 8
Robert H. Riddle  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
James F. Rigg  United States U.S. Navy 11
Donald E. Runyon  United States U.S. Navy 11
Donald H. Sapp  United States U.S. Marine Corps 11
Warren Schrader  New Zealand Royal New Zealand Air Force 11[140]
Murray Shubin  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Otto Smik †  Czechoslovakia Royal Air Force 11 (+3 V-1 flying bombs)
Cornelius Smith, Jr.  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Kenneth C. Sparks  United States U.S. Army Air Forces 11
Richard E. Stanbrook  United States U.S. Navy 11
Ilkka Törrönen  Finland Finnish Air Force 11[40]
Mario Veronesi  Kingdom of Italy Regia Aeronautica 11
Ioan Malacescu  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 11
Teodor Zabava  Kingdom of Romania Royal Romanian Air Force 11

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 106.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Spick 1996, p. 244.
  3. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 182.
  4. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 27.
  5. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 45.
  6. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 92.
  7. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1479.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Morgan & Weal 1998, p. 88.
  9. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 85.
  10. ^ a b c Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1524.
  11. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 218.
  12. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1489.
  13. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 143.
  14. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 103.
  15. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 119.
  16. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 137.
  17. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 152.
  18. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1519.
  19. ^ Yenne 2000, p. 225.
  20. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 559.
  21. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 317.
  22. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 84.
  23. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 73.
  24. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1483.
  25. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 154.
  26. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 183.
  27. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 201.
  28. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 99.
  29. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 104.
  30. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1533.
  31. ^ Aders 1978, p. 236.
  32. ^ Caldwell 1998, pp. 521–522.
  33. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1520.
  34. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1532.
  35. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 200.
  36. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1521.
  37. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 1083.
  38. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1525.
  39. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1526.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Keskinen 1978, p. [page needed].
  41. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1487.
  42. ^ Savić & Ciglić 2002, p. 74.
  43. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1490.
  44. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 136.
  45. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 210.
  46. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1528.
  47. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 93.
  48. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 113.
  49. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1502.
  50. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 171.
  51. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 180.
  52. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 187.
  53. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 280.
  54. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 63.
  55. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1484.
  56. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1495.
  57. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 95.
  58. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 198.
  59. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 73.
  60. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 176.
  61. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 618–619.
  62. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1514.
  63. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Spick 1996, p. 245.
  64. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 90.
  65. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 812.
  66. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 933.
  67. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 334.
  68. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 80-81.
  69. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Sims 1982, p. 296.
  70. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 45.
  71. ^ a b c d e f g Sims 1982, p. 298.
  72. ^ Simonov & Bodrikhin 2017, p. 261.
  73. ^ Bykov 2014, pp. 74–75.
  74. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 260–261.
  75. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 568-569.
  76. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 49.
  77. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 173.
  78. ^ Foreman, Mathews & Parry 2004, pp. 72–244.
  79. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 147.
  80. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 160.
  81. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 188.
  82. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 63.
  83. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 174.
  84. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 94.
  85. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 187.
  86. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1531.
  87. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1503.
  88. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1527.
  89. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1488.
  90. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 211.
  91. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 36.
  92. ^ Bykov 2014, pp. 133–134.
  93. ^ Obermaier 1976, p. 73.
  94. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1511.
  95. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 146.
  96. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 170.
  97. ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1482.
  98. ^ a b c d Forsyth 2011, p. 90.
  99. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 165.
  100. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 153.
  101. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1480.
  102. ^ a b c d Spick 1996, p. 246.
  103. ^ a b c Aders 1978, p. 232.
  104. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 122.
  105. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 473.
  106. ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1485.
  107. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 87.
  108. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 148.
  109. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 186.
  110. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1508.
  111. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1506.
  112. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 185.
  113. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 222.
  114. ^ Forsyth 2011, p. 75.
  115. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 81.
  116. ^ "Wildcat" Wade: The Forgotten RAF Ace
  117. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 159.
  118. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 111.
  119. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 133.
  120. ^ a b Aders 1978, p. 235.
  121. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 151.
  122. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, p. 284.
  123. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1512.
  124. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1522.
  125. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1510.
  126. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1529.
  127. ^ Zabecki 2014, p. 1618.
  128. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1481.
  129. ^ a b Aders 1978, p. 233.
  130. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1500.
  131. ^ Sims 1982, p. 297.
  132. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 223.
  133. ^ a b Sims 1982, p. 299.
  134. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 207.
  135. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1513.
  136. ^ Bykov 2014, pp. 1336–1337.
  137. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1491.
  138. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 183-184.
  139. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 82.
  140. ^ a b Spick 1997, p. 219.
  141. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 127.
  142. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, p. 556.
  143. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, p. 101.
  144. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, pp. 187–188.
  145. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, pp. 116–117.
  146. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, pp. 574–575.
  147. ^ Spick 1996, pp. 218–219.
  148. ^ Hess 2012, p. 8.
  149. ^ Shores & Williams 1994, p. 624.
  150. ^ a b Shores & Williams 1994, p. 352.
  151. ^ Bykov 2014, p. 751.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Aders, Gebhard (1978). History of the German Night Fighter Force, 1917–1945. London: Janes. ISBN 978-0-354-01247-8.
  • Bykov, Mikhail (2014). Все асы Сталина 1936–1953 гг [All aces of Stalin 1936-1953] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza. ISBN 978-5-457-56722-1.
  • Caldwell, Donald L. (1998). The JG 26 War Diary: Volume Two 1943–1945. London: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-898697-86-2.
  • Foreman, John; Mathews, Johannes; Parry, Simon (2004). Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939–1945. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-0-9538061-4-0.
  • Forsyth, Robert (2011). Luftwaffe Viermot Aces 1942–45. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84908-438-3.
  • Hess, William N. (2012). Down to Earth' Strafing Aces of the Eighth Air Force. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-889-7.
  • Keskinen, Kalevi (1978). Hävittäjä-ässät : Finnish fighter aces. Kari Stenman, Klaus Niska. Espoo: Tietoteos. ISBN 978-951-9035-37-6. OCLC 5092754.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
  • Morgan, Hugh; Weal, John (1998). German Jet Aces of World War 2. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 17. London; New York: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-634-7.
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1976). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe 1939–1945 Band II Stuka- und Schlachtflieger [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe 1939–1945 Volume II Dive Bomber and Attack Aircraft] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-021-3.
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
  • Savić, Dragan; Ciglić, Boris (2002). Croatian Aces of World War 2. London, England: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-435-1.
  • Seidl, Hans D. Stalin's Eagles: An Illustrated Study of the Soviet Aces of World War II and Korea. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 1998. ISBN 0-7643-0476-3.
  • Shores, Christopher; Williams, Clive (1994). Aces High: A Tribute to the Most Notable Fighter Pilots of the British and Commonwealth Forces in WWII. London, United Kingdom: Grub Street. ISBN 1-898697-00-0.
  • Simonov, Andrey; Bodrikhin, Nikolai (2017). Боевые лётчики — дважды и трижды Герои Советского Союза. Moscow: Фонд «Русские Витязи», Музей техники Вадима Задорожного. ISBN 978-5-9909605-1-0. OCLC 1005741956.
  • Sims, Edward H. (1982). Jagdflieger Die großen Gegner von einst [Fighter Pilots The great Enemies of the Past] (in German). Stuttgart, UK: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 978-3-87943-115-1.
  • Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: Ivy Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
  • Spick, Mike (1997). Allied Fighter Aces: The Air Combat Tactics and Techniques of World War II. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 978-1-85367-282-8.
  • Yenne, Bill (2000). Aces: true stories of victory and valor in the skies of World War II. Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-17699-3.
  • Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-981-3.
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