Rho gtpase activating protein 21

ARHGAP21
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2DHJ, 2J59, 2YUY
Identifiers
Aliases	ARHGAP21, ARHGAP10, Rho GTPase activating protein 21
External IDs	OMIM: 609870 MGI: 1918685 HomoloGene: 10822 GeneCards: ARHGAP21
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human) Band 10p12.1|10p12.3 Start 24,583,609 bp End 24,723,668 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) Band 2|2 A3 Start 20,852,730 bp End 20,973,692 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in ganglionic eminence Brodmann area 9 Achilles tendon cingulate gyrus stromal cell of endometrium prefrontal cortex amygdala hypothalamus corpus callosum putamen Top expressed in lacrimal gland cerebellar cortex cerebellar vermis parotid gland secondary oocyte subiculum Region I of hippocampus proper superior frontal gyrus ankle joint hippocampus proper More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding GTPase activator activity Cellular component Golgi apparatus Golgi membrane cytoplasmic vesicle membrane membrane cytoplasmic vesicle cytoplasm cytoskeleton cytosol plasma membrane actin cytoskeleton cell junction Biological process establishment of Golgi localization Golgi organization organelle transport along microtubule maintenance of Golgi location signal transduction positive regulation of GTPase activity regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 57584 71435 Ensembl ENSG00000107863 ENSMUSG00000036591 UniProt Q5T5U3 Q6DFV3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020824 NM_001081364 NM_001128084 RefSeq (protein) NP_065875 NP_001354376 NP_001354377 NP_001354378 NP_001354379 NP_001354380 NP_001354381 NP_001354382 NP_001354383 NP_001354384 NP_001074833 NP_001121556 NP_001395248 NP_001395249 NP_001395250 NP_001395251 NP_001395252 NP_001395253 NP_001395254 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 24.58 – 24.72 Mb Chr 2: 20.85 – 20.97 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Rho GTPase activating protein 21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP21 gene.

Function

ARHGAP21 functions preferentially as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for CDC42 (MIM 116952) and regulates the ARP2/3 complex (MIM 604221) and F-actin dynamics at the Golgi through control of CDC42 activity (Dubois et al., 2005 [PubMed 15793564]). There is little scientific literature on ARHGAP21, but recent reviews highlighted that it plays an important role in cytoskeletal processes in cancer, substance transport within the cell, and insulin secretion

Further reading

• Bassères DS, Tizzei EV, Duarte AA, Costa FF, Saad ST (2002). "ARHGAP10, a novel human gene coding for a potentially cytoskeletal Rho-GTPase activating protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 294 (3): 579–85. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00514-4. PMID 12056806.
• Dubois T, Paléotti O, Mironov AA, Fraisier V, Stradal TE, De Matteis MA, Franco M, Chavrier P (2005). "Golgi-localized GAP for Cdc42 functions downstream of ARF1 to control Arp2/3 complex and F-actin dynamics". Nat. Cell Biol. 7 (4): 353–64. doi:10.1038/ncb1244. PMID 15793564. S2CID 37000096.
• Grupe A, Li Y, Rowland C, Nowotny P, Hinrichs AL, Smemo S, Kauwe JS, Maxwell TJ, Cherny S, Doil L, Tacey K, van Luchene R, Myers A, Wavrant-De Vrièze F, Kaleem M, Hollingworth P, Jehu L, Foy C, Archer N, Hamilton G, Holmans P, Morris CM, Catanese J, Sninsky J, White TJ, Powell J, Hardy J, O'Donovan M, Lovestone S, Jones L, Morris JC, Thal L, Owen M, Williams J, Goate A (2006). "A scan of chromosome 10 identifies a novel locus showing strong association with late-onset Alzheimer disease". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78 (1): 78–88. doi:10.1086/498851. PMC 1380225. PMID 16385451.
• Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, Cicolari J, Dubois T, Elkhatib N, El Khadali F, Franco M, Chavrier P, Houdusse A (2007). "Structural basis for ARF1-mediated recruitment of ARHGAP21 to Golgi membranes". EMBO J. 26 (7): 1953–62. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601634. PMC 1847662. PMID 17347647.
• Bigarella CL, Borges L, Costa FF, Saad ST (2009). "ARHGAP21 modulates FAK activity and impairs glioblastoma cell migration". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1793 (5): 806–16. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.02.010. PMID 19268501.
• Anthony DF, Sin YY, Vadrevu S, Advant N, Day JP, Byrne AM, Lynch MJ, Milligan G, Houslay MD, Baillie GS (2011). "β-Arrestin 1 inhibits the GTPase-activating protein function of ARHGAP21, promoting activation of RhoA following angiotensin II type 1A receptor stimulation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 31 (5): 1066–75. doi:10.1128/MCB.00883-10. PMC 3067824. PMID 21173159.
• Wang S, Li H, Chen Y, Wei H, Gao GF, Liu H, Huang S, Chen JL (2012). "Transport of influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) to host cell surface is regulated by ARHGAP21 and Cdc42 proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 287 (13): 9804–16. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.312959. PMC 3323004. PMID 22318733.
• Bigarella CL, Ferro KP, Barcellos KS, Martins-de-Souza D, Traina F, Novello JC, Saad ST, Archangelo LF (2012). "Post-translational modification of the RhoGTPase activating protein 21, ARHGAP21, by SUMO2/3". FEBS Lett. 586 (19): 3522–8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2012.08.012. PMID 22922005. S2CID 35663132.
• Barcellos KS, Bigarella CL, Wagner MV, Vieira KP, Lazarini M, Langford PR, Machado-Neto JA, Call SG, Staley DM, Chung JY, Hansen MD, Saad ST (2013). "ARHGAP21 protein, a new partner of α-tubulin involved in cell-cell adhesion formation and essential for epithelial-mesenchymal transition". J. Biol. Chem. 288 (4): 2179–89. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.432716. PMC 3554890. PMID 23235160.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.