Ethel Maciel

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Ethel Maciel
Ethel Maciel in 2018
Secretária de Vigiância em Saúde e Ambiente
Assumed office
1 January 2023
MinisterNísia Trindade
Ministry of Health (Brazil)
PresidentLuís Inácio Lula da Silva
Personal details
Born
Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel

(1968-11-17) 17 November 1968 (age 55)
Baixo Guandu, Espírito Santo
Alma materUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo

Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel (born 17 November 1968; Baixo Guandu) is a Brazilian PhD, epidemiologist, nurse, and current Secretary of Health Surveillance and Environment,[1] an internal secretary of Brazil's Ministry of Health and the Chairperson for the Tuberculosis Research Network from World Health Organization.[2] She is a researcher in infectious diseases with a special focus on tuberculosis.

Education[edit]

She holds a degree in nursing from the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Ufes), a master's degree in Public Health Nursing from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), a doctorate in Public Health/Epidemiology from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), and completed her postdoctoral studies at the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University.[3]

Career[edit]

She is a full professor in the nursing department at the Federal University of Espírito Santo and holds a productivity scholarship from CNPq in the field of epidemiology. She chaired the Brazilian Tuberculosis Network (Rede – TB). She was a member of the Tuberculosis Advisory Technical Group at the Ministry of Health and the Tuberculosis Advisory Technical Group of the Pan American Health Organization, an entity linked to the WHO.[3][4]

Between 2013 and 2020, she served as the vice-rector of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Ufes). In 2019, she was democratically elected as the rector of the same university,[5] following a consultation with the university community and the Ufes' superior council. She was the first woman to be elected to the position. Despite winning the election, Maciel was not appointed by the then-president Jair Bolsonaro.[6]

Since 2020, Maciel has gained prominence in the press as a leading Brazilian researcher involved in scientific dissemination during the COVID-19 pandemic.[7][8] In October 2023 she assumed the chair of the Tuberculosis Research Network from the World Health Organization, a United Nations organization.[9][10] In February 2024, she hosted the Stop TB Partnership in Brazil, alongside WHO's director Tedros Adhanom. They launched the Brasil Saudável Program (Healthy Brazil, in Portuguese), a program aimed at eliminating more than 30 diseases from the country.[11][12]

Research[edit]

Maciel has more than 230 published articles and research conducted in collaboration with public health organizations, both in Brazil and the United States of America,[13] among other countries, and articles published in important scientific journals indexed in national and international databases.[14] The central theme of her research, as can be observed, is the control of infectious diseases, particularly tuberculosis.

Recognition[edit]

Since 2020, Maciel has gained prominence in the media as one of the leading Brazilian researchers involved in scientific dissemination during the COVID-19 pandemic.[15][16]

In 2023, the WHO recognized the work of Maciel and Minister Nísia Trindade in the multisectoral leadership for the fight against tuberculosis in Brazil.[17] Also in that year, she was invited by the United Nations to the 2nd High-Level Meeting on Tuberculosis, where she could reaffirm the necessary prioritization of investments in health throughout the country to fund treatments, vaccines, and diagnostics for the population.[18][19] As an expert in the field, Maciel is part of the permanent commission of the Parliamentary Front against Tuberculosis in the National Congress.[20]

She was featured in the media for preventing the disposal of R$ 251 million worth of poorly preserved vaccines and other supplies.[21]

In November 2023, she announced the inclusion of coronavirus vaccines for children up to 5 years old in the country's vaccination schedule.[22][23]

Bibliography[edit]

Books and publications[edit]

  • Mulher na ciência: lutar e existir em tempos de pandemia. [Woman in Science: Fighting and Existing in Times of Pandemic]. Vitória: Encontrografia, 2022. 274 p. ISBN 9786588977897.

Articles[edit]

  • "Genotypic and Spatial Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission in a High-Incidence Urban Setting". The Lancet. September 1, 2015.[24]
  • "Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis". The Lancet. September 8, 2018.[25]
  • "Effect of the Bolsa Familia Programme on the outcome of tuberculosis treatment: a prospective cohort study". The Lancet. December 21, 2018.[26]
  • "Risk factors associated with cluster size of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) of different RFLP lineages in Brazil". The Lancet. February 8, 2019.[27]
  • "Tuberculosis in Brazil and cash transfer programs: A longitudinal database study of the effect of cash transfer on cure rates." The Lancet. February 22, 2019.[28]
  • "Introducing risk inequality metrics in tuberculosis policy development". The Lancet, June 6, 2019.[29]
  • "Factors associated with latent tuberculosis among international migrants in Brazil: a cross-sectional study (2020)". The Lancet. June 1, 2021.[30]
  • "Spatial clustering and temporal trend analysis of international migrants diagnosed with tuberculosis in Brazil". The Lancet. June 9, 2021.[31]
  • "Living conditions, seroprevalence and symptoms of COVID-19 in slums in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória (Espírito Santo)". The Lancet. October 29, 2021.[32]
  • "Excess tuberculosis cases and deaths following an economic recession in Brazil: an analysis of nationally representative disease registry data". The Lancet. October 10, 2022.[33]
  • "A Matter of Inclusion: A Cluster-Randomized Trial to Access the Effect of Food Vouchers Versus Traditional Treatment on Tuberculosis Outcomes in Brazil". The Lancet. November 14, 2022.[34]
  • "Factors associated with non-completion of TB preventive treatment in Brazil". The Lancet. March 1, 2023.[35]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Enfermeira e epidemiologista Ethel Maciel assume a Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente do Ministério da Saúde". Ministério da Saúde (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  2. ^ "About us". www.who.int. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Reitora eleita da Ufes não empossada por Bolsonaro vai compor Ministério da Saúde do governo Lula". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2 January 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  4. ^ "Comissão de Seguridade Social debate plano de controle da tuberculose no Brasil – Notícias". Portal da Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  5. ^ Vitória, Folha (24 March 2020). "Bolsonaro nomeia Paulo Vargas novo reitor da Ufes". Folha Vitória (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  6. ^ "'Continuarei a luta em defesa da Ufes', diz Ethel após nomeação de reitor". A Gazeta. Brazil. 24 March 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  7. ^ "'Não podemos dar a impressão que a pandemia está vencida', diz epidemiologista". CNN Brasil. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  8. ^ "Retorno às aulas não é seguro em subida da curva da Ômicron, afirma epidemiologista". Estadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  9. ^ "Biography". www.who.int. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  10. ^ Garcia, Amanda. "Combate à tuberculose é um desafio para o Brasil, diz presidente de grupo de trabalho da OMS". CNN Brasil. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  11. ^ Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia; Sanchez, Mauro Niskier; Cruz, Alda Maria Da; Cravo Neto, Draurio Barreira; Lima, Nísia Verônica Trindade (2024). "Brazil's Pivotal Moment in Public Health: Establishing the Interministerial Committee (CIEDDS) for the Elimination of Tuberculosis and Socially Determined Diseases". Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical. 57: e006012024. doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0597-2023. ISSN 1678-9849. PMC 10911421. PMID 38359310.
  12. ^ "Brasil Saudável". Ministério da Saúde (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 26 February 2024.
  13. ^ "Detalhes de pessoal docente | Saúde Coletiva". saudecoletiva.ufes.br. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  14. ^ "Maciel EL - Search Results - PubMed". PubMed. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  15. ^ "'Não podemos dar a impressão que a pandemia está vencida', diz epidemiologista". CNN Brasil. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  16. ^ "Retorno às aulas não é seguro em subida da curva da Ômicron, afirma epidemiologista". Estadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  17. ^ "WHO applauds Brazil's leadership in advancing multisectoral engagement towards ending TB". www.who.int. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  18. ^ "Brasil quer priorizar investimentos em inovação contra tuberculose | ONU News". news.un.org (in Portuguese). 11 May 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  19. ^ "Luta contra a tuberculose ganha novo impulso na Assembleia Geral da ONU | ONU News". news.un.org (in Portuguese). 22 September 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  20. ^ "Ministério da Saúde debate enfrentamento da tuberculose com parlamentares do Brasil e das Américas". Ministério da Saúde (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  21. ^ Braziliense', 'Correio (18 September 2023). "Ethel Maciel diz que conquistas das campanhas de vacinação foram 'ameaçadas'". Política (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  22. ^ "Calendário de Vacinação". Ministério da Saúde (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  23. ^ "Vacinação contra a covid-19 será anual para grupos prioritários, anuncia ministério; veja quais são". Estadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  24. ^ Ribeiro, Fabíola Karla Correa; Pan, William; Bertolde, Adelmo; Vinhas, Solange Alves; Peres, Renata Lyrio; Riley, Lee; Palaci, Moisés; Maciel, Ethel Leonor (1 September 2015). "Genotypic and Spatial Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission in a High-Incidence Urban Setting". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 61 (5): 758–766. doi:10.1093/cid/civ365. ISSN 1537-6591. PMC 4626752. PMID 25948063.
  25. ^ Collaborative Group for the Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB treatment–2017; Ahmad, Nafees; Ahuja, Shama D.; Akkerman, Onno W.; Alffenaar, Jan-Willem C.; Anderson, Laura F.; Baghaei, Parvaneh; Bang, Didi; Barry, Pennan M. (8 September 2018). "Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis". Lancet. 392 (10150): 821–834. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31644-1. ISSN 1474-547X. PMC 6463280. PMID 30215381.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. ^ Prof Maciel, EL PhD (21 December 2018). "Effect of the Bolsa Familia Programme on the outcome of tuberculosis treatment: a prospective cohort study" (PDF). The Lancet. Elsevier. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  27. ^ Peres, Renata Lyrio; Vinhas, Solange Alves; Ribeiro, Fabíola Karla Correa; Palaci, Moisés; do Prado, Thiago Nascimento; Reis-Santos, Bárbara; Zandonade, Eliana; Suffys, Philip Noel; Golub, Jonathan E. (8 February 2018). "Risk factors associated with cluster size of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) of different RFLP lineages in Brazil". BMC Infectious Diseases. 18 (1): 71. doi:10.1186/s12879-018-2969-0. ISSN 1471-2334. PMC 5806441. PMID 29422032.
  28. ^ Reis-Santos, Barbara; Shete, Priya; Bertolde, Adelmo; Sales, Carolina M.; Sanchez, Mauro N.; Arakaki-Sanchez, Denise; Andrade, Kleydson B.; Gomes, M. Gabriela M.; Boccia, Delia (2019). "Tuberculosis in Brazil and cash transfer programs: A longitudinal database study of the effect of cash transfer on cure rates". PLOS ONE. 14 (2): e0212617. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212617. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6386534. PMID 30794615.
  29. ^ Gomes, M. Gabriela M.; Oliveira, Juliane F.; Bertolde, Adelmo; Ayabina, Diepreye; Nguyen, Tuan Anh; Maciel, Ethel L.; Duarte, Raquel; Nguyen, Binh Hoa; Shete, Priya B. (6 June 2019). "Introducing risk inequality metrics in tuberculosis policy development". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 2480. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10447-y. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6554307. PMID 31171791.
  30. ^ de Jezus, Sonia Vivian; do Prado, Thiago Nascimento; Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre; Mascarello, Keila Cristina; Sales, Carolina Maia Martins; Fauth, Maysa Mabel; de Faria Marcos Terena, Nahari; Amorim, Raphael Florindo; Araujo, Vania Maria Silva (1 June 2021). "Factors associated with latent tuberculosis among international migrants in Brazil: a cross-sectional study (2020)". BMC Infectious Diseases. 21 (1): 512. doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06227-z. ISSN 1471-2334. PMC 8168318. PMID 34074249.
  31. ^ Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre; Berra, Thaís Zamboni; Terena, Nahari de Faria Marcos; Rocha, Matheus Piumbini; Ferraz de Araújo Alecrim, Tatiana; de Souza Kihara, Fernanda Miye; Mascarello, Keila Cristina; Martins Sales, Carolina Maia; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia (2021). "Spatial clustering and temporal trend analysis of international migrants diagnosed with tuberculosis in Brazil". PLOS ONE. 16 (6): e0252712. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252712. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 8189475. PMID 34106968.
  32. ^ Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia; Jabor, Pablo Medeiros; Macedo, Laylla Ribeiro; Almada, Gilton Luiz; Zanotti, Raphael Lubiana; Cerutti Junior, Crispim; Gomes, Cristiana Costa; Alencar, Filomena Euridice Carvalho de; Reuter, Tania (2021). "Living conditions, seroprevalence and symptoms of COVID-19 in slums in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória (Espírito Santo)". Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia = Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology. 24: e210048. doi:10.1590/1980-549720210048. ISSN 1980-5497. PMID 34730710.
  33. ^ Li, Yunfei; de Macedo Couto, Rodrigo; Pelissari, Daniele M.; Costa Alves, Layana; Bartholomay, Patricia; Maciel, Ethel L.; Sanchez, Mauro; Castro, Marcia C.; Cohen, Ted (October 2022). "Excess tuberculosis cases and deaths following an economic recession in Brazil: an analysis of nationally representative disease registry data". The Lancet. Global Health. 10 (10): e1463–e1472. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00320-5. ISSN 2214-109X. PMC 9472578. PMID 36049488.
  34. ^ Reis-Santos, Barbara; Locatelli, Rodrigo; Oliosi, Janaína; Sales, Carolina M.; do Prado, Thiago Nascimento; Shete, Priya B.; Riley, Lee W.; Maciel, Ethel L. (14 December 2022). "A Matter of Inclusion: A Cluster-Randomized Trial to Access the Effect of Food Vouchers Versus Traditional Treatment on Tuberculosis Outcomes in Brazil". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 107 (6): 1281–1287. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.21-1074. ISSN 1476-1645. PMC 9768270. PMID 36375455.
  35. ^ Cola, J. P.; Nascimento do Prado, T.; Alves, K. B. A.; Lapa E Silva, J. R.; Trajman, A.; Golub, J. E.; Chaisson, R. E.; Maciel, E. L. N. (1 March 2023). "Factors associated with non-completion of TB preventive treatment in Brazil". The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: The Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 27 (3): 215–220. doi:10.5588/ijtld.22.0571. ISSN 1815-7920. PMID 36855047. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
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