Second Battle of Macontene
The Battle of Macontene of 1897 also known as the Second Battle of Macontene was a military engagement that took place in Mozambique, in the region of Macontene, a plain of the current district of Chibuto, 10 km from that town, in the province of Gaza. Combat took place between expeditionary forces of the Portuguese Army, which included a large number of men recruited both locally as well as in other Portuguese territories in Africa, and the forces of the Vatua commanded by the rebellious Maguiguana.[1]
| Battle of Macontene (1897) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Campaigns of Pacification and Occupation | |||||||
_(4107933545).jpg) Bronze relief depicting the Second Battle of Macontene at the Maputo Fortress. | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
.svg){kind=small} Portuguese Empire | Rebellious forces of the Vatua | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Joaquim Augusto de Albuquerque | Maguiguana | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
The Portuguese had previously subdued the Gaza Empire after capturing Emperor Gungunhana at the Battle of Coolela.
The lack of British troops had allowed the Matabele Rebellion to take place in neighbouring Rhodesia the previous year and in 1897 the Vatua revolted as Portuguese were busy subduing the Namarrães further to the north of Mozambique.[2]
The first encounter took place in May 1897 between Vatua warriors commanded by Maguiguana and two Portuguese expeditionary corps. After an inconclusive battle on 22 of that month, the first expeditionary corps commanded by captain Gomes da Costa, governor of Gaza, attacked the Vatua camp and then withdrew to Chibuto. Following this operation, on July 21, 1897, the second expeditionary corps, commanded by the governor of Portuguese Mozambique, Joaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque himself routed the forces of Maguiguana, who perished in combat.[3][4]
Maguigana fled to the Transvaal, but was pursued, cornered and killed, apparently dying after discharging his revolver into his pursuers.[2]
The Portuguese occupied Gaza afterwards and a peace resulted, which would last with few incidents for about 60 years until the start of the Mozambican War of Independence in the 1960s.
A bronze relief panel depicting the cavalry charge at Macontene in 1897 is currently housed at the Maputo Fortress.[5]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Nunes dos Santos. "Maguiguana" in Portugal Colonial, n.º 54 (1935), pp. 15-17.
- ^ a b Eric Stokes, Richard Brown: The Zambesian Past: Studies in Central African History, Volume 17, p. 61.
- ^ Joaquim Mouzinho de Albuquerque, Campanha Contra o Maguiguana nos Territórios de Gaza em 1897: Relatórios enviados ao Ministro e Secretário de Estado da Marinha e Ultramar pelo Comissário Régio da Província de Moçambique. Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1898.
- ^ "21 July 1947. Macontene e o vátua Maguiguana que fazia nascer pretos da terra". Jornal I. 21 July 2020. Archived from the original on 2023-08-24. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
- ^ Elmarie Costandius, Gera de Villiers: Visual Redress in Africa from Indigenous and New Materialist Perspectives