List of Dutch cabinet formations

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This is a list of Dutch cabinet formations. This includes attempts to form or continue with a cabinet after a cabinet crisis.

In most cases, a cabinet formation is started after a general election after which a majority cabinet is sought. In some cases it results in a minority cabinet. After the fall of a cabinet, a new start can be made with part of the fallen cabinet. Then there may be a rump cabinet, which is also often a minority cabinet.

The De Kempenaer-Donker Curtius cabinet succeeded the preceding cabinet in 1848 without a cabinet formation.

List[edit]

Formation Start[a] End[b] Length
(days)[c] 		Cabinet Cabinet type Ref.
1848 23 March 1848 25 March 1848 3 Schimmelpenninck royal [2]
1849 20 September 1849 1 November 1849 43 Thorbecke I majority [3]
1853 16 April 1853 19 April 1853 4 Van Hall/Donker Curtius royal [4]
1856 1 June 1856 1 July 1856 47 Van der Brugghen royal [5]
1858 3 March 1858 18 March 1858 16 Rochussen royal [6]
1860 17 February 1860 23 February 1860 7 Van Hall/Van Heemstra royal [7]
1861 16 February 1861 14 March 1861 27 Van Zuylen van Nijevelt/Van Heemstra royal [8]
1862 2 January 1862 1 February 1862 21 Thorbecke II majority [9]
Jan-Feb 1866 29 January 1866 10 February 1866 13 Fransen van de Putte royal [10]
May-Jun 1866 24 May 1866 1 June 1866 9 Van Zuylen van Nijevelt royal [11]
1868 17 April 1868 4 June 1868 49 Van Bosse/Fock royal [12]
1870-1871 24 November 1870 4 January 1871 42 Thorbecke III royal [13]
1872 25 June 1872 6 July 1872 12 De Vries/Fransen van de Putte royal [14]
1874 14 July 1874 27 August 1874 45 Heemskerk/Van Lynden van Sandenburg royal [15]
1877 16 October 1877 3 November 1877 19 Kappeyne van de Coppello majority [16]
1879 12 July 1879 20 August 1879 40 Van Lynden van Sandenburg royal [17]
1882 10 May 1882 12 August 1882 95
1883 4 March 1883 23 April 1883 51 J. Heemskerk royal [18]
1888 4 April 1888 21 April 1888 18 Mackay [19]
1891 24 June 1891 21 August 1891 58 Van Tienhoven [20]
1894 25 April 1894 9 May 1894 15 Röell royal [21]
1897 26 June 1897 27 July 1897 32 Pierson [22]
1901 28 June 1901 1 August 1901 35 Kuyper [23]
1905 29 June 1905 17 August 1905 50 De Meester minority [24]
1907 12 February 1907 21 March 1907 38
1907-1908 25 December 1907 12 February 1908 50 T. Heemskerk [25]
1913 26 June 1913 29 August 1913 65 Cort van der Linden royal [26]
1918 4 July 1918 9 September 1918 68 Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I [27]
1921 22 June 1921 26 July 1921 35
1922 6 July 1922 18 September 1922 75 Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II [28]
1923-1924 26 October 1923 7 January 1924 73
1925 2 July 1925 4 August 1925 34 Colijn I [29]
1925-1926 24 November 1925 8 March 1926 105 De Geer I royal [30]
1929 3 July 1929 10 August 1929 39 Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III extraparliamentary [31]
1933 27 April 1933 26 May 1933 30 Colijn II extraparliamentary [32]
1935 26 July 1935 31 July 1935 6 Colijn III [33]
1937 27 May 1937 24 June 1937 29 Colijn IV [34]
Jun-Jul 1939 30 June 1939 25 July 1939 26 Colijn V royal [35]
Aug 1939 4 August 1939 10 August 1939 7 De Geer II royal [36]
1940 28 August 1940 3 September 1940 7 Gerbrandy I royal [37]
1941 1 July 1941 27 July 1941 27 Gerbrandy II royal
Feb 1945 Gerbrandy III royal [38]
May-Jun 1945 9 May 1945 24 June 1945 47 Schermerhorn-Drees royal [39]
1946 18 May 1946 3 July 1946 47 Beel I majority [40][41]
1948 8 July 1948 7 August 1948 31 Drees-Van Schaik majority [42][43]
1951 29 January 1951 15 March 1951 44 Drees I majority [44][45]
1952 26 June 1952 2 September 1952 69 Drees II majority [46][47]
1955 [48]
1956 14 June 1956 13 October 1956 121 Drees III majority [49][50]
1958 13 December 1958 22 December 1958 10 Beel II rump [51][52]
1959 13 March 1959 19 May 1959 67 De Quay majority [53][54]
1960-1961 [55]
1963 16 May 1963 24 July 1963 70 Marijnen majority [56][57]
1965 2 March 1965 14 April 1965 44 Cals majority [58][59]
1966 18 October 1966 22 November 1966 35 Zijlstra rump [60][61]
1967 16 February 1967 5 April 1967 49 De Jong majority [62][63]
1971 29 April 1971 6 July 1971 69 Biesheuvel I majority [64][65]
1972 19 July 1972 9 August 1972 11 Biesheuvel II rump [66][67]
1972-1973 30 November 1972 11 May 1973 163 Den Uyl majority [68][69]
1977 26 May 1977 19 December 1977 208 Van Agt I majority [70][71]
1981 27 May 1981 11 September 1981 108 Van Agt II majority [72][73]
16 October 1981 4 November 1981 19
May-Jun 1982 14 May 1982 29 May 1982 17 Van Agt III rump [74][75]
Sep-Nov 1982 9 September 1982 4 November 1982 57 Lubbers I majority [76][77]
1986 22 May 1986 14 July 1986 54 Lubbers II majority [78][79]
1989 7 September 1989 7 November 1989 62 Lubbers III majority [80][81]
1994 4 May 1994 22 August 1994 111 Kok I majority [82][83]
1998 6 May 1998 3 August 1998 89 Kok II majority [84][85]
1999 20 May 1999 8 June 1999 20 [86][87]
2002 16 May 2002 22 July 2002 68 Balkenende I majority [88][89]
2003 23 January 2003 27 May 2003 122 Balkenende II majority [90][91]
2006 30 June 2006 7 July 2006 7 Balkenende III rump [92]
2006-2007 23 November 2006 22 February 2007 90 Balkenende IV majority [93][94]
2010 10 June 2010 14 October 2010 127 Rutte I confidence and supply [95][96]
2012 13 September 2012 5 November 2012 54 Rutte II majority [97][98]
2017 16 March 2017 26 October 2017 225 Rutte III majority [99]
2021-2022 18 March 2021 10 January 2022 299 Rutte IV majority [1]
2023-2024 23 November 2023 138 [100]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ In the case of a regular cabinet formation, it is the day after the elections. In other cases it is generally the day after a cabinet requested dismissal.
  2. ^ In the case of cabinet formations that lead to a new cabinet, this is the day when the new cabinet is sworn in.
  3. ^ Calculated from the day after the general elections until the day when the cabinet is sworn in.[1] Not all sources use the same starting point.

Sources[edit]

  • Van Baalen, Carla; Van Kessel, Alexander, eds. (2016). Kabinetsformaties 1977-2012 [Cabinet formations 1977-2012] (in Dutch). Boom. ISBN 9789461054661.
  • Duynstee, Frans (1966). De kabinetsformaties 1946-1965 [The cabinet formations 1946-1965] (in Dutch). Deventer: Æ. E. Kluwer. OCLC 220593429.
  • Maas, Petrus Franciscus (1982). Kabinetsformaties 1959-1973 [Cabinet formations 1959-1973] (PDF) (in Dutch). The Hague: Staatsuitgeverij. ISBN 9789012039987.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Kabinetsformatie 2021-2022" [Cabinet formation 2021-2022]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  2. ^ "Kabinetten-Schimmelpenninck en -Donker Curtius (1848)" [Cabinets Schimmelpennick and Donker Curtius (1848)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  3. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke I (1849-1853)" [Cabinet Thorkecke I (1849-1853)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Kabinet-Van Hall/Donker Curtius (1853-1856)" [Cabinet Van Hall/Donker Curtius (1853-1856)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  5. ^ "Kabinet-Van der Brugghen (1856-1858)" [Cabinet Van der Brugghen (1856-1858)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  6. ^ "Kabinet-Rochussen (1858-1860)" [Cabinet Rochussen (1858-1860)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  7. ^ "Kabinet-Van Hall/Van Heemstra (1860-1861)" [Cabinet Van Hall/Van Heemstra (1860-1861)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  8. ^ "Kabinet-Van Zuylen van Nijevelt/Van Heemstra (1861-1862)" [Cabinet Van Zuylen van Nijevelt/Van Heemstra (1861-1862)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke II (1862-1866)" [Cabinet Thorbecke II (1862-1866)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  10. ^ "Kabinet-Fransen van de Putte (1866)" [Cabinet Fransen van de Putte (1866)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  11. ^ "Kabinet-Van Zuylen van Nijevelt (1866-1868)" [Cabinet Van Zuylen van Nijevelt (1866-1868)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  12. ^ "Kabinet-Van Bosse/Fock (1868-1871)" [Cabinet Van Bosse/Fock (1868-1871)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  13. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke III (1871-1872)" [Cabinet Thorbecke III (1871-1872)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  14. ^ "Kabinet-De Vries/Fransen van de Putte (1872-1874)" [Cabinet De Vries/Fransen van de Putte (1872-1874)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 May 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  15. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk/Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1874-1877)" [Cabinet Heemskerk/Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1874-1877)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  16. ^ "Kabinet-Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877-1879)" [Cabinet Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877-1879)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  17. ^ "Kabinet-Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879-1883)" [Cabinet Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879-1883)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  18. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk Azn. (1883-1888)" [Cabinet Heemskerk Azn. (1883-1888)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  19. ^ "Kabinet-Mackay (1888-1891)" [Cabinet Mackay (1888-1891)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  20. ^ "Kabinet-Van Tienhoven (1891-1894)" [Cabinet Van Tienhoven (1891-1894)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  21. ^ "Kabinet-Röell (1894-1897)" [Cabinet Röell (1894-1897)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  22. ^ "Kabinet-Pierson (1897-1901)" [Cabinet Pierson (1897-1901)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  23. ^ "Kabinet-Kuyper (1901-1905)" [Cabinet Kuyper (1901-1905)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  24. ^ "Kabinet-De Meester (1905-1908)" [Cabinet De Meester (1905-1908)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  25. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk (1908-1913)" [Cabinet Heemskerk (1908-1913)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  26. ^ "Kabinet-Cort van der Linden (1913-1918)" [Cabinet Cort van der Linden (1913-1918)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  27. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I (1918-1922)" [Cabinet Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I (1918-1922)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  28. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II (1922-1925)" [Cabinet Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II (1922-1925)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  29. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn I (1925-1926)" [Cabinet Colijn I (1925-1926)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  30. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer I (1926-1929)" [Cabinet De Geer I (1926-1929)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  31. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III (1929-1933)" [Cabinet Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III (1929-1933)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  32. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn II (1933-1935)" [Cabinet Colijn II (1933-1935)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  33. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn III (1935-1937)" [Cabinet Colijn III (1935-1937)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  34. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn IV (1937-1939)" [Cabinet Colijn IV (1937-1939)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  35. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn V (1939)" [Cabinet Colijn V (1939)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  36. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer II (1939-1940)" [Cabinet De Geer II (1939-1940)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  37. ^ "Kabinet-Gerbrandy I en II (1940-1945)" [Cabinet Gerbrandy I and II (1940-1945)]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  38. ^ "Kabinet-Gerbrandy III (1945)" [Cabinet Gerbrandy I (1945)]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  39. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1945" [Cabinet formation 1945]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  40. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1946" [Cabinet formation 1946]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  41. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 1–4.
  42. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1948" [Cabinet formation 1948]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  43. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 16–24.
  44. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1951" [Cabinet formation 1951]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  45. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 36–52.
  46. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1952" [Cabinet formation 1952]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  47. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 54–72.
  48. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 75–84.
  49. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1956" [Cabinet formation 1956]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  50. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 86–159.
  51. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1958" [Cabinet formation 1958]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  52. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 199–208.
  53. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1959" [Cabinet formation 1959]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  54. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 209–234.
  55. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 246–254.
  56. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1963" [Cabinet formation 1963]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  57. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 276–329.
  58. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1965" [Cabinet formation 1965]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  59. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 360–432.
  60. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1966" [Cabinet formation 1966]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  61. ^ Maas 1982, pp. 184–206.
  62. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1967" [Cabinet formation 1967]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  63. ^ Maas 1982, pp. 207–250.
  64. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1971" [Cabinet formation 1971]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  65. ^ Maas 1982, pp. 256–281.
  66. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1972" [Cabinet formation 1972]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  67. ^ Maas 1982, pp. 299–318.
  68. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1972-1973" [Cabinet formation 1972-1973]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  69. ^ Maas 1982, pp. 319–368.
  70. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1977" [Cabinet formation 1977]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  71. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 11–80.
  72. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1981" [Cabinet formation 1981]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  73. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 81–114.
  74. ^ "Kabinetsformatie juni 1982 (zomerkabinetje)" [Cabinet formation June 1982 (summer cabinet)]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  75. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 115–128.
  76. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1982" [Cabinet formation 1982]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  77. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 129–160.
  78. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1986" [Cabinet formation 1986]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  79. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 161–190.
  80. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1989" [Cabinet formation 1989]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  81. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 191–220.
  82. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1994" [Cabinet formation 1994]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  83. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 221–266.
  84. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1998" [Cabinet formation 1998]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  85. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 267–302.
  86. ^ "Kabinetscrisis 1999: de Nacht van Wiegel" [Cabinet crisis 1999: the Night of Wiegel]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  87. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 303–318.
  88. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2002" [Cabinet formation 2002]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  89. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 319–348.
  90. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2003" [Cabinet formation 2003]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  91. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 349–388.
  92. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 389–402.
  93. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2006-2007" [Cabinet formation 2006-2007]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  94. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 403–446.
  95. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2010" [Cabinet formation 2010]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  96. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 447–510.
  97. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2012" [Cabinet formation 2012]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  98. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 511–524.
  99. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2017" [Cabinet formation 2017]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  100. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2023-2024" [Cabinet formation 2023-2024]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 10 December 2023.
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