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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Sperm-associated antigen 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPAG6 gene .[4] [5]
Function [ edit ] The correlation of anti-sperm antibodies with cases of unexplained infertility implicates a role for these antibodies in blocking fertilization. Improved diagnosis and treatment of immunologic infertility, as well as identification of proteins for targeted contraception, are dependent on the identification and characterization of relevant sperm antigens. The protein expressed by this gene is recognized by anti-sperm antibodies from an infertile man. This protein localizes to the tail of permeabilized human sperm and contains eight contiguous armadillo repeats, a motif known to mediate protein-protein interactions. Studies in mice suggest that this protein is involved in sperm flagellar motility and maintenance of the structural integrity of mature sperm. Alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described but the full-length sequences of only two have been determined.[5]
References [ edit ]
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000077327 – Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ Neilson LI, Schneider PA, Van Deerlin PG, Kiriakidou M, Driscoll DA, Pellegrini MC, Millinder S, Yamamoto KK, French CK, Strauss JF (September 1999). "cDNA cloning and characterization of a human sperm antigen (SPAG6) with homology to the product of the Chlamydomonas PF16 locus" . Genomics . 60 (3): 272–80. doi :10.1006/geno.1999.5914 PMID 10493827 . ^ a b "Entrez Gene: SPAG6 sperm associated antigen 6" .
Further reading [ edit ]
Diekman AB, Herr JC (January 1997). "Sperm antigens and their use in the development of an immunocontraceptive". American Journal of Reproductive Immunology . 37 (1): 111–7. doi :10.1111/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00199.x . PMID 9138444 . S2CID 39710127 . Smith EF, Lefebvre PA (1997). "The role of central apparatus components in flagellar motility and microtubule assembly". Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton . 38 (1): 1–8. doi :10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1997)38:1<1::AID-CM1>3.0.CO;2-C . PMID 9295136 . Sapiro R, Tarantino LM, Velazquez F, Kiriakidou M, Hecht NB, Bucan M, Strauss JF (March 2000). "Sperm antigen 6 is the murine homologue of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii central apparatus protein encoded by the PF16 locus" . Biology of Reproduction . 62 (3): 511–8. doi :10.1095/biolreprod62.3.511 PMID 10684790 . Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (November 2000). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination" . Genome Research . 10 (11): 1788–95. doi :10.1101/gr.143000 . PMC 310948 PMID 11076863 . Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A (March 2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs" . Genome Research . 11 (3): 422–35. doi :10.1101/gr.GR1547R . PMC 311072 PMID 11230166 . Sapiro R, Kostetskii I, Olds-Clarke P, Gerton GL, Radice GL, Strauss III JF (September 2002). "Male infertility, impaired sperm motility, and hydrocephalus in mice deficient in sperm-associated antigen 6" . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 (17): 6298–305. doi :10.1128/MCB.22.17.6298-6305.2002 . PMC 134010 PMID 12167721 . Zhang Z, Sapiro R, Kapfhamer D, Bucan M, Bray J, Chennathukuzhi V, McNamara P, Curtis A, Zhang M, Blanchette-Mackie EJ, Strauss JF (November 2002). "A sperm-associated WD repeat protein orthologous to Chlamydomonas PF20 associates with Spag6, the mammalian orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16" . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 (22): 7993–8004. doi :10.1128/MCB.22.22.7993-8004.2002 . PMC 134734 PMID 12391165 . Ficarro S, Chertihin O, Westbrook VA, White F, Jayes F, Kalab P, Marto JA, Shabanowitz J, Herr JC, Hunt DF, Visconti PE (March 2003). "Phosphoproteome analysis of capacitated human sperm. Evidence of tyrosine phosphorylation of a kinase-anchoring protein 3 and valosin-containing protein/p97 during capacitation" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 (13): 11579–89. doi :10.1074/jbc.M202325200 PMID 12509440 . Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A (October 2004). "From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline" . Genome Research . 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi :10.1101/gr.2576704 . PMC 528930 PMID 15489336 . Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S (January 2006). "The LIFEdb database in 2006" . Nucleic Acids Research . 34 (Database issue): D415–8. doi :10.1093/nar/gkj139 . PMC 1347501 PMID 16381901 .
