National Force
| National Force | |
|---|---|
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Marvel Comics |
| First appearance | Captain America #231 (Mar 1979) |
| Created by | Roger McKenzie Sal Buscema |
| In-story information | |
| Type of organization | Subversive |
| Leader(s) | Doctor Faustus Hate-Monger |
| Agent(s) | 88 Sharon Carter Grand Director |
The National Force is a fictional organization appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Fictional history[edit]
The National Force was a neo-fascist organization masterminded by Doctor Faustus.[1]
Faustus had recently gained custody of the fourth Captain America (William Burnside, although he legally changed his name to Steven Rogers) and his partner Bucky, heroes from the 1950s who had been kept in suspended animation.[2] Faustus took control of the mind of Burnside in an attempt to use him against Steve Rogers, the original Captain America. Faustus brainwashed him into returning as "The Grand Director",[3] the leader of the National Force.
While working as a S.H.I.E.L.D. liaison with the NYPD, Sharon Carter investigated and infiltrated the National Force. During one of the National Force's battles with street criminals in Harlem, the National Guard was sent in to put an end to it. Under the effects of a mind-altering gas, however, Sharon activated a self-destruct device in her National Force uniform and apparently committed suicide.[4]: 47 [5] Rogers was shown the event on videotape.[6]
After being defeated in battle by the original Captain America and Daredevil, the Grand Director apparently committed suicide.[7] He has since reappeared, having survived the suicide attempt.[8] He was later shot by Captain America (Barnes) and fell off the Hoover Dam. No body was ever recovered.[9]
A storyline from The Punisher War Journal from 2007 depicts the National Force as a terrorist syndicate with neo-Nazi ideology operating on the US-Mexico border led by a character called the Hate-Monger. The Punisher infiltrated and destroyed this version of the National Force.[10]
Analysis[edit]
The National Force was presented as a racist organization in the comics that was a "caricature of anti-integrationist political groups" in the USA. It features elements of the Ku Klux Klan, National Socialist and white supremacy movements.[4]: 45–49 [10] The organization is portrayed as having high-ranking supporters, which "sets up the understanding that while everyday Americans may not be racist, the activities of the National Force advance the agenda of at least some elites".[4]: 45–49 The presentation of the organization also connects elements of red-baiting and conservative opposition to integration from the 1950s to racism in 1979, when the National Force appeared in the comics.[4]: 42–43, 45
According to King and Leonard, looking at the appearance in The Punisher War Journal, the racism of the National Force, undergirded by criminal acts, is depicted as clearly evil. They criticize that this presentation deflects the attention of the reader from "the less visible ways in which white racism operates today".[10]
Appendix[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Budrow, Erin, ""Hail Hydra": Marvel's Captain America and White Nationalism in the United States" (2019). Summer Research. 344.
References[edit]
- ^ Sanderson, Peter (2007). The Marvel Comics Guide to New York City. New York, Toronto, Sydney, London: Simon & Schuster. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-4165-3141-8.
- ^ Captain America vol. 1 #236
- ^ Captain America vol. 1 #232–236 (April–August, 1979)
- ^ a b c d Dittmer, Jason (2007). "Retconning America". In Wandtke, Terrence R. (ed.). The Amazing Transforming Superhero!. Jefferson, North Carolina and London: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-3189-2.
- ^ Cunningham, Phillip L. (2009). "Stevie's Got a Gun: Captain America and His Problematic Use of Lethal Force". In Weiner, Robert G. (ed.). Captain America and the Struggle of the Superhero: Critical Essays. Jefferson, North Carolina and London: McFarland & Company. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-7864-3703-0.
- ^ Captain America, (vol. 1) # 237, Sept. 1979
- ^ Captain America #236 (August 1979)
- ^ Captain America vol. 5, #37 (June 2008)
- ^ Captain America #605 (June 2010)
- ^ a b c King, C. Richard; Leonard, David J. (2014). Beyond Hate: White Power and Popular Culture. Ashgate Publishing. p. 17. ISBN 9781472427465.