Yelena Usievich
Yelena Feliksovna Usievich (4 March 1893, Yakutsk, Russian Empire – 15 January 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet and Russian literary critic and editor of Literaturnyi kritik.
Life[edit]
Yelena Usievich was the daughter of the Polish revolutionary Feliks Kon, Platon Kerzhentsev's predecessor as head of the All Union Radio Committee, and Khristiana Grinberg. She was born in Siberia in 1893. In April 1917 she and her first husband, Grigory A. Usievich, returned to Russia from Swiss exile in Lenin's 'sealed train'. They had a son together, who died aged 17 in 1934, and Grigory himself died aged twenty-seven in the Russian Civil War. Yelena Usievich worked in the Cheka, under Yuri Larin at the Economic Council, and at the Crimean Theater Repertory Censorship Committee. With her second husband Alexander Taxer, a Far Eastern Bolshevik who became second secretary of the Crimean Party Committee, she had a daughter, Iskra-Marina, in 1926. Alexander Taxer died in 1931. In 1932 Yelena graduated from the Institute of Red Professors.[1]
Yelena Usievich edited the journal Literaturnyi kritik, founded in 1933. In May 1937 she published a controversial article there, 'On Political Poetry', arguing that poetry needed to be "sincere" and encompass the full range of human feelings, rather than be simplistic and "impersonal" translations of political platforms into verse.[2] As Usievich put it, "in Mayakovsky's cries about love unrequited there was more social content than in many lamentations on political themes written by the minor epigones of popular poetry."[3] In 1939 she made similar arguments defending the lyric poetry of Stepan Shchipachev.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ Yuri Slezkine (2017). The House of Government: A Saga of the Russian Revolution. Princeton University Press. pp. 381–2. ISBN 978-1-4008-8817-7.
- ^ Katerina Clark; Galin Tihanov (2011). "Soviet Literary Theory in the 1930s: Battles over Genre and the Boundaries of Modernity". In Evgeny Aleksandrovich Dobrenko; Galin Tihanov (eds.). A History of Russian Literary Theory and Criticism: The Soviet Age and Beyond. University of Pittsburgh Pre. pp. 119–120. ISBN 978-0-8229-7744-5.
- ^ Usievich, 'K sporam o politicheskoi poezii', Literaturnyi kritik, Vol. 5 (1937). Cited in Katerina Clark (2013). "'Wat for Me and I Shall Return': The Early Thaw as a Reprise of Late Thirties Culture?". In Denis Kozlov; Eleonory Gilburd (eds.). The Thaw: Soviet Society and Culture during the 1950s and 1960s. University of Toronto Press. pp. 95–6. ISBN 978-1-4426-4460-1.
- ^ Usievich, 'Lirika', Literaturnaia gazeta, 30 June 1939.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 1893 births
- 1968 deaths
- 20th-century Russian women writers
- People from Yakutsk
- People of the Russian Civil War
- Bolsheviks
- Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
- Institute of Red Professors alumni
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Russian literary critics
- Soviet literary critics
- Soviet women writers
- Russian women literary critics