Thai frailty index
The Thai frailty index is the index commonly used to measure frailty in Thailand.[1] It consists of 30 variables, including hypertension; diabetes; stroke; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; chronic kidney disease, cognitive impairment; falls; dental problems; hearing problems; underweight; urinary or fecal incontinence; poor quality of life; depressed mood; fatigue; sleep problems, needing help for bathing; dressing, eating; walking; toileting; drug management; and doing housework. The index ranges from 0 to 30, 30 being the highest level of frailty. The index can be used to predict all-cause mortality.
Background[edit]
Frailty is a clinical state of increased vulnerability and the decline of organ systems due to the aging processes[2] and external factors. It is related to morbidity and mortality.[3]
There are many criteria using to detect frailty, such as the frailty phenotype,[4] frailty index,[5] or clinical frailty scale.[6]
The frailty index is a common diagnostic tool for frailty. It counts deficits in both physical and mental health.[7] The exact deficits, signs, and symptoms of frailty differ from country to country and from setting to setting.
References[edit]
- ^ Srinonprasert, V.; Chalermsri, C.; Aekplakorn, W. (July 2018). "Frailty index to predict all-cause mortality in Thai community-dwelling older population: A result from a National Health Examination Survey cohort". Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 77: 124–128. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2018.05.002. PMID 29751290. S2CID 21693177.
- ^ Xue, Qian-Li (February 2011). "The Frailty Syndrome: Definition and Natural History". Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 27 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.009. PMC 3028599. PMID 21093718.
- ^ Cesari, M.; Gambassi, G.; Abellan van Kan, G.; Vellas, B. (1 January 2014). "The frailty phenotype and the frailty index: different instruments for different purposes". Age and Ageing. 43 (1): 10–12. doi:10.1093/ageing/aft160. PMID 24132852.
- ^ Fried, L. P.; Tangen, C. M.; Walston, J.; Newman, A. B.; Hirsch, C.; Gottdiener, J.; Seeman, T.; Tracy, R.; Kop, W. J.; Burke, G.; McBurnie, M. A. (1 March 2001). "Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype". The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 56 (3): M146–M157. doi:10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146. PMID 11253156.
- ^ Rockwood, K.; Mitnitski, A. (1 July 2007). "Frailty in Relation to the Accumulation of Deficits". The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 62 (7): 722–727. doi:10.1093/gerona/62.7.722. PMID 17634318.
- ^ Church, Sophie; Rogers, Emily; Rockwood, Kenneth; Theou, Olga (December 2020). "A scoping review of the Clinical Frailty Scale". BMC Geriatrics. 20 (1): 393. doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01801-7. PMC 7540438. PMID 33028215.
- ^ Searle, Samuel D; Mitnitski, Arnold; Gahbauer, Evelyne A; Gill, Thomas M; Rockwood, Kenneth (December 2008). "A standard procedure for creating a frailty index". BMC Geriatrics. 8 (1): 24. doi:10.1186/1471-2318-8-24. PMC 2573877. PMID 18826625.