M. Syafi'i Anwar
M. Syafi'i Anwar is an Indonesian historian and journalist. He is a senior research fellow at the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation as well as the executive director of the International Center For Islam and Pluralism.[1][2]
Anwar was instrumental to the founding of the Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals, having participation in the 1990 meeting with B. J. Habibie that led to the organization's establishment.[3] Anwar has defended the IAMI as a middle-class organization, stating that the Indonesian middle-class of the 1980s and 1990s was culturally self-confident and lacked the inferiority complex toward the modern world, supported by non-Muslims and Javanists, that had been imprinted on Muslims during the colonial era.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ Islam and Democracy: Two Expressions of Islam in Contemporary Indonesia at the John F. Kennedy School of Government. Accessed 22 December 2016.
- ^ Islam and Democracy: Two Expressions of Islam in Contemporary Indonesia at the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation. Accessed 22 December 2016.
- ^ Robert W. Hefner and Patricia Horvatich, Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia, pg. 96. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997. ISBN 9780824819576
- ^ R. William Liddle, The Islamic Turn in Indonesia: A Political Explanation. Taken from Religion, Globalization and Political Culture in the Third World, pg. 117. Ed. Jeff Haynes. London: Macmillan Publishers, 1999. ISBN 9781349270385