1969 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1969.

Plants[edit]

Angiosperms[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Dicotylophyllum litseafolia^[2]	Comb nov	jr synonym	(MacGinitie) Wolfe	Eocene Ypresian	Ione Formation "Chalk Bluff Flora" Loc P3324	USA California	A dicot of uncertain affinity. Moved from Lauropliyllum litseafolia (1941)^[3] Moved from Artocarpoides litseafolia (19689).^[4] Moved to Republica litseafolia (1987)^[5]

Molluscs[edit]

Bivalves[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Praenuculidae	Fam nov	Valid	McAlester	Ordovician - Devonian			extinct family of Nuculoidea bivalves

Fish[edit]

Actinopterygii[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Proaracana	gen et sp nov	Valid	Le Danois	Eocene	Monte Bolca	Italy		Proaracana dubia

Conodonts[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Protognathodus	Gen. nov	Valid	Willi Ziegler	351 Millions of years ago.	Austria China Germany UK
Patrognathus^[6]	Gen nov	Valid	Rhodes, Austin & Druce	Carboniferous	Russia UK

Archosauromorphs[edit]

Crurotarsans[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Riojasuchus^[7]	gen et sp nov	valid	Bonaparte	Late Triassic	Argentina	Ornithosuchid archosaur. originally misidentified as a dinosaur	Riojasuchus tenuiceps

Non-avian dinosaurs[edit]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[8]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Deinonychus^[9]	gen et sp nov	Valid	Ostrom	Early Cretaceous	Cloverly Formation	USA Montana	An American dromeosaur, that has a name that means: Terrible Claw .	Deinonychus antirrhopus
Riojasaurus^[7]	gen et sp nov	Valid.	Bonaparte	Triassic			A sauropod. The type species is R. incertus
"Strenusaurus"^[7]	gen et sp nov	Junior synonym.	Bonaparte	Triassic			Junior synonym of Riojasaurus.
"Syntarsus"^[10]	gen et sp nov	Preoccupied name.	Raath	Early Jurassic			Preoccupied by Syntarsus Fairmaire, 1869. Renamed Megapnosaurus.	Megapnosaurus rhodesiensis

Birds[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Alectoris bavarica ^[11]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ballmann	Early Miocene		Germany	A Phasianidae.
Buteo pusillus ^[12]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ballmann	Middle Miocene		France	An Accipitridae.
Capitonides ^[11]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	jr synonym	Ballmann	Early Miocene		Germany	A Lybiidae, jr syn of Trachyphonus europeus.^[13]
Diomedea thyridata ^[14]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Wilkinson	Late Miocene	Black Rock Sandstone	Australia	A Diomedeidae.
Eogeranoides ^[15]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Cracraft	Early Eocene	Willwood Formation	USA ( Wyoming)	A Geranoididae, type sp. E. campivagus.
Geranodornis ^[15]	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Cracraft	Middle Eocene	Bridger Formation	USA ( Wyoming)	A Geranoididae type sp. G. aenigma
Musophaga meini ^[12]	Sp. nov.	jr synonym	Ballmann	Middle Miocene (MN 8)		France	A Musophagidae jr syn of Veflintornis meini^[16]
Otus wintershofensis ^[11]	Sp. nov.	jr synonym	Ballmann	Early Miocene		Germany	A Strigidae, transferred Strix wintershofensis.^[13]
Palaeonerpes ^[17]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Cracraft & Morony	Early Pliocene	Valentine Formation	USA ( Nebraska)	A Picidae, type sp P. shorti
Palaeophasianus incompletus ^[15]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Cracraft	Early Eocene	Willwood Formation	USA ( Wyoming)	A Geranoididae
Paracygnus ^[18]	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Short	Late Pliocene	Kimbal Formation	USA ( Colorado)	An Anatidae, type sp P. plattensis
Paragrus shufeldti ^[15]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Cracraft	Early Eocene	Willwood Formation	USA ( Wyoming)	A Geranoididae
Plotopterum ^[19]	Gen et Sp. nov.	Valid	Howard	Early Miocene	Upper Walker Formation	USA California	A Plotopteridae, type sp P. joaquinensis	Plotopterum joaquinensis
Pseudodontornis stirtoni ^[20]	Sp. nov.	jr synonym	Howard & Warter	Late Pliocene		New Zealand	A Pseudodontornithidae transferred to Neodontornis stirtoni^[21]
Pulsatrix arredondoi ^[22]	Sp. nov.	valid	Brodkorb	Pleistocene	Caverna Paredones	Cuba	A Strigidae.
Strix brevis ^[11]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ballmann	Early Miocene		Germany	A Strigidae, transferred to Intulula brevis.^[13]
Taoperdix miocaena ^[11]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ballmann	Early Miocene		Germany	A Cracidae.
Tetrao praeurogallus ^[23]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Dénes Jánossy	Early Pliocene - Early Pleistocene		Bulgaria	A Phasianidae.
Zenaidura prior ^[24]	Sp. nov.	jr synonym	Brodkorb	Late Pliocene	Rexroad Formation	USA ( Kansas)	A Columbidae, transferred to Zenaida prior.
Zygodactylus ^[12]	Gen et Sp. nov.	Valid	Ballmann	Middle Miocene		France Germany	A Zygodactylidae two sp Z. grivensis & Z. ignotus.

Pterosaurs[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Nesodactylus	gen et sp nov	Valid	Colbert	Late Jurassic	Jagua Formation	Cuba	family placement uncertain

Synapsids[edit]

Mammals[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type Locality	Country	Notes	Images
Crusafontia^[25]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Henkel & Krebs	Cretaceous Barremian		Spain	A dryolestid mammalian The type species is C. cuencana.	Crusafontia cuencana
Sivapardus^[26]	Gen. et. sp. nov.	Valid	Bakr	Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene	Sar-Dhok	Pakistan	A felinae large cat. The type species is S. punjabiensis

Paleontologists[edit]

Death of Friedrich von Huene, the well known German paleontologist.^[27]

References[edit]

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ Wolfe, J.A. (1968). Paleogene Biostratigraphy of nonmarine rocks in King County, Washington (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 571. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–29. doi:10.3133/pp571.
^ MacGinitie, H.D. (1941). A Middle Eocene Flora from the Central Sierra Nevada (Report). Contributions to Paleontology. Vol. 534. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 116.
^ MacGinitie, H. (1969). The Eocene green River flora of northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah. University of California Press.
^ Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25. doi:10.3133/b1597.
^ British Avonian (Carboniferous) conodont faunas, and their value in local and intercontinental correlation. FHT Rhodes, RL Austin, EC Druce - 1969 - British Museum (Natural History)
^ ^a ^b ^c Bonaparte, J.F. 1969. Dos nuevas "faunas" de reptiles Triasicos de Argentina. I Gondwana Symp. (IVGAS, 1967), Mar del Plata Ciencias Tierra 2: pp. 283-306
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Ostrom, J. H. 1969. A new theropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Postilia 128: pp. 1-17.
^ Raath, M.A. 1969. A new coelurosaurian dinosaur from the Forest Sandstone of Rhodesia. Arnoldia Rhodesia. 4 (28): pp. 1-25.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Ballmann, P (1969). "Die Vögel aus der Altburdigalen Spaltenfüllung von Wintershof (West) bei Eichstätt in Bayern" (PDF). Zitteliana. 1: 5–60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-30.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ballmann, P (1969). "Les Oiseaux Miocènes de la Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère)". Géobios. 2: 157–204. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(69)80005-7.
^ ^a ^b ^c Mlíkovský, J (2002). "Cenozoic Birds of the World Part 1: Europe" (PDF). Praha Ninox Press, 2002: 1–407. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
^ Wilkinson, HE (1969). "Descriptions of an Upper Miocene albatross from Beaumaris, Victoria, Australia, and a review of the fossil Diomedeidae". Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 29: 41–51. doi:10.24199/j.mmv.1969.29.04.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cracraft, J (1969). "Systematics and evolution of the Gruiformes (Class, Aves) 1. The Eocene family Geranoididae and the early history of the Gruiformes" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2388): 1–41.
^ Brodkorb, P (1971). "Catalogue of Fossil Birds. Part 4 (Columbiformes through Piciformes)" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences. 15: 163–266.
^ Cracraft, J; Morony, JJ jr. (1969). "A new pliocene woodpecker, with comments on the fossil Picidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2400): 1–41.
^ Short, LL jr. (1969). "A new genus and species of goose like swan from the Pliocene of Nebraska" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2369): 1–7.
^ Howard, H (1969). "A new avian fossil from Kern County, California" (PDF). Condor. 71 (1): 68–69. doi:10.2307/1366050. JSTOR 1366050.
^ Howard, H; Warter, SL (1969). "A new species of bony-toothed bird (Family Pseudodontornithidae) from the Tertiary of New Zealand". Records of the Canterbury Museum. 8: 345–357.
^ Harrison, CJO; Walker, CA (1976). "A review of the bony-toothed birds (Odontopterygiformes): with the description of some new species". Tertiary Research Special Papers. 2: 1–72.
^ Brodkorb, P (1969). "An extinct Pleistocene owl from Cuba" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 31 (2): 112–114.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Jánossy, D (1969). "Die Mittelpleistozäne Vogelfauna der Stránská Skála". Anthropos, Studia Musei Moraviae, Brno. New Series. 20 (12): 35–64.
^ Brodkorb, P (1969). "An ancestral mourning dove from Rexroad, Kansas" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 31 (3): 173–176. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2014-10-30.
^ Henkel, S. and Krebs, B., 1969. Zwei Säugetier-unterkiefer aus der unteren Kreide von uña (prov. Cuenca, Spanien). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, 1969, pp.449-463.
^ Bakr, Abu (July 1969). "A new genus of large cat from Upper Siwaliks". Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 1 (2): 135–140.
^ Farlow, James O.; M. K. Brett-Surmann (1999). The Complete Dinosaur. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. p. 17. ISBN 0-253-21313-4.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Wolfe1968-2] Wolfe, J.A. (1968). Paleogene Biostratigraphy of nonmarine rocks in King County, Washington (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 571. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–29. doi:10.3133/pp571.

[MacGinitie1941-3] MacGinitie, H.D. (1941). A Middle Eocene Flora from the Central Sierra Nevada (Report). Contributions to Paleontology. Vol. 534. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 116.

[MacGinitie1969-4] MacGinitie, H. (1969). The Eocene green River flora of northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah. University of California Press.

[WandW87-5] Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25. doi:10.3133/b1597.

[6] British Avonian (Carboniferous) conodont faunas, and their value in local and intercontinental correlation. FHT Rhodes, RL Austin, EC Druce - 1969 - British Museum (Natural History)

[bonaparte69nuevas-7] Bonaparte, J.F. 1969. Dos nuevas "faunas" de reptiles Triasicos de Argentina. I Gondwana Symp. (IVGAS, 1967), Mar del Plata Ciencias Tierra 2: pp. 283-306

[ddinogeorge-8] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[9] Ostrom, J. H. 1969. A new theropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Postilia 128: pp. 1-17.

[10] Raath, M.A. 1969. A new coelurosaurian dinosaur from the Forest Sandstone of Rhodesia. Arnoldia Rhodesia. 4 (28): pp. 1-25.

[Ballmann1969A-11] Ballmann, P (1969). "Die Vögel aus der Altburdigalen Spaltenfüllung von Wintershof (West) bei Eichstätt in Bayern" (PDF). Zitteliana. 1: 5–60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-30.

[Ballmann1969B-12] Ballmann, P (1969). "Les Oiseaux Miocènes de la Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère)". Géobios. 2: 157–204. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(69)80005-7.

[Mlíkovský2002-13] Mlíkovský, J (2002). "Cenozoic Birds of the World Part 1: Europe" (PDF). Praha Ninox Press, 2002: 1–407. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2014-12-02.

[Wilkinson1969-14] Wilkinson, HE (1969). "Descriptions of an Upper Miocene albatross from Beaumaris, Victoria, Australia, and a review of the fossil Diomedeidae". Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 29: 41–51. doi:10.24199/j.mmv.1969.29.04.

[Cracraft1969-15] Cracraft, J (1969). "Systematics and evolution of the Gruiformes (Class, Aves) 1. The Eocene family Geranoididae and the early history of the Gruiformes" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2388): 1–41.

[Brodkorb1971-16] Brodkorb, P (1971). "Catalogue of Fossil Birds. Part 4 (Columbiformes through Piciformes)" (PDF). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences. 15: 163–266.

[Cracraft1969B-17] Cracraft, J; Morony, JJ jr. (1969). "A new pliocene woodpecker, with comments on the fossil Picidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2400): 1–41.

[Short1969-18] Short, LL jr. (1969). "A new genus and species of goose like swan from the Pliocene of Nebraska" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2369): 1–7.

[Howard1969-19] Howard, H (1969). "A new avian fossil from Kern County, California" (PDF). Condor. 71 (1): 68–69. doi:10.2307/1366050. JSTOR 1366050.

[Howard1969B-20] Howard, H; Warter, SL (1969). "A new species of bony-toothed bird (Family Pseudodontornithidae) from the Tertiary of New Zealand". Records of the Canterbury Museum. 8: 345–357.

[HarrisonWalker1976-21] Harrison, CJO; Walker, CA (1976). "A review of the bony-toothed birds (Odontopterygiformes): with the description of some new species". Tertiary Research Special Papers. 2: 1–72.

[Pulsatrix-22] Brodkorb, P (1969). "An extinct Pleistocene owl from Cuba" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 31 (2): 112–114.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Jánossy1969-23] Jánossy, D (1969). "Die Mittelpleistozäne Vogelfauna der Stránská Skála". Anthropos, Studia Musei Moraviae, Brno. New Series. 20 (12): 35–64.

[Zenaidura-24] Brodkorb, P (1969). "An ancestral mourning dove from Rexroad, Kansas" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 31 (3): 173–176. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2014-10-30.

[HK1969-25] Henkel, S. and Krebs, B., 1969. Zwei Säugetier-unterkiefer aus der unteren Kreide von uña (prov. Cuenca, Spanien). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, 1969, pp.449-463.

[26] Bakr, Abu (July 1969). "A new genus of large cat from Upper Siwaliks". Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 1 (2): 135–140.

[27] Farlow, James O.; M. K. Brett-Surmann (1999). The Complete Dinosaur. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. p. 17. ISBN 0-253-21313-4.

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