Nicolas Métru
Nicolas Métru (c. 1610 in Bar-sur-Aube – 1668 in Paris) was a French organist, viol player, and composer of pieces for viol and airs. From 1642 he was organist at St. Nicolas-des-Champs, then some time later master of music for the Jesuits. He taught Couperin and Lully and was an outstanding viol player.[1]
His first publication - which survives - was a collection of laudatory airs to verse by Guillaume de Baïf, a minor poet but son of Jean-Antoine de Baïf, for the victorious return of Louis XIII to Paris in 1628 after the end of the 14-month siege of Protestant La Rochelle.[2] His third collection of airs also contains laudatory texts, for the marriage of Louis XIV.
His duets for two viols (Paris, 1642) are the first printed example, and therefore probably antedate the duets of Sainte-Colombe.[3] His fantasias for viols, as those of Henry and Moulinié, derive from the air de cour and the dance rather than older styles.[4] His 1642 publication reflects the change in development of the viol in the 1630-1650s with the upper parts being written with the new smaller viols in mind.[5]
Works, editions and recordings[edit]
Works
- Recueil des vers du Sr. G. de Baïf, mis en musique par N. Métru, chantez en l'alégresse de l'heureux retour du roy, Paris, 1628
- Fantaisies, a 2 viole, Paris, 1642
- Premier livre d'airs Paris 1646, - lost
- Deuxième livre d’airs, Paris, 1646
- Troisième livre d'airs, Paris, 1661
- Missa ad imitationem moduli Brevis oratio, Paris, 1663
- Contrafacta, 1632
Editions The CMBV have prepared editions of his duets.[6]
Recordings
- Neufiesme Fantaisie on Orpheus, Ensemble L'Amoroso, Sou GuiBalestraccio. Zig Zag, 2008
References[edit]
- ^ Marin Marais, 1656-1728: Volume 1 Clyde Henderson Thompson, Marin Marais - 1956 Metru was one of Lully's teachers and an outstanding musician.
- ^ Music, discipline, and arms in early modern France - Page 270 Kate Van Orden - 2005 "95 Their unremarkable texts express the knights' hunger for battle and laud the queen, who shines like a sun over the French empire; they were penned by Guillaume de Baïf, a minor poet and son of Jean-Antoine de Baïf."
- ^ Journal of the Viola da Gamba Society of America: Volume 14 1977 "The tradition of such bicinia goes far back into the 16th century. In France itself duets for two viols by Nicholas Metru were published in Paris in 1642— thus very probably antedating those by Sainte-Colombe."
- ^ French baroque music from Beaujoyeulx to Rameau James R. Anthony - 1978 "and Nicholas Metru (died c. 1670), all wrote fantasias that, especially in the case of Henry and Moulinié, derived as much from the air de cour and the dance as from the older imitative style of writing.
- ^ The viol: history of an instrument Annette Otterstedt, Hans Reiners - 2002 Works such as that published by Nicolas Metru (1642) still fitted the old viols in the lower parts, whereas a smaller type of viol seems to have been likely for the upper parts, which often exceed the compass of an old French treble
- ^ Works at "Centre musique baroque de Versailles" Archived 2011-10-03 at the Wayback Machine
Sources[edit]
Jean-Paul C. Montagnier, The Polyphonic Mass in France, 1600-1780: The Evidence of the Printed Choirbooks, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
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