Mamiya Press

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Mamiya Press
Mamiya Universal with lens, grip, and roll film back
Mamiya Universal with accessories
Overview
MakerMamiya
TypeMedium-Format Rangefinder
Lens
Lens mountMamiya Press bayonet mount
Focusing
Focusmanual
Exposure/metering
Exposuremanual
Flash
FlashM or X sync from lens
Shutter
Shutterleaf shutter in lens
Viewfinder
Viewfinderparallax-corrected
General
Dimensions200 × 160 × 140 mm
Weight1.95 kg
Made inJapan

The Mamiya Press is a line of medium-format rangefinder system press cameras manufactured by Mamiya. The first model was introduced in 1960, and the final model was discontinued in the 1970s. It was targeted at the professional press photography market, and a wide array of accessories was offered.

Overview[edit]

Back system[edit]

Original (grey leather) 6×9 rollfilm backs for M-type

The maximum image size that can be captured is 6 cm × 9 cm using 120 or 220 rollfilm, but images can be taken in a number of different formats, and using several types of film.[1] Models prior to the Universal came with either a M-type or G-type back interface. M-type backs were compatible with rollfilm (120/220). G-type backs included Mamiya RB rollfilm backs and backs using the Graflok system.[2]: 9–10  With Polaroid pack film, the maximum image size is 73 mm × 95 mm (2+7⁄8 in × 3+3⁄4 in), although only the 75 and 127 mm lenses will cover the larger size.[2]

The camera lacks an internal dark slide, so one has to be inserted into the film holder before changing the lens.[2]: 24  There were several roll-film holders for the M-type back interface:

  • Model A (60605) was designed for 6×9 (21⁄4 × 31⁄4 inch) and could take eight exposures on 120 or sixteen on 220[3] by reversing the pressure plate.[2]: 20–22  An updated version (60603) was colored black and dropped the masks for 6×6 and 645 frame sizes.[4]
  • Model B (60606) was designed for 6×7 (21⁄4 × 23⁄4 inch) and could take ten exposures on 120 or twenty on 220.[3][2]: 20–22  An updated version (60604) was colored black and dropped the masks for 6×6 and 645 frame sizes.[4]
  • Model K was designed for 6×9, but could be masked to take 12 6×6 or 16 645 (15⁄8 × 21⁄4 inch) exposures on 120 film only, as the pressure plate could not be switched for 220.[2]: 19, 23–24 

In addition, for the M-type back interface, Mamiya made a Focusing Screen Holder (00000) and Ground Glass Back (60775) which accepted a Cut Film Holder (Type J, for 6.5×9 cm sheet film; or Type A (60610), for 21⁄4 × 31⁄4 inch sheet film) and provided a ground glass screen for focusing.[2]: 27–31  A Film Pack Adapter (60611) also was available for 520 film packs.[5]

Viewfinder[edit]

The original line of Press cameras (1960–66) were equipped with a reverse Galilean viewfinder that had a magnification of 0.66× and an effective rangefinder baseline length of 60 mm (2.4 in).[6] The upgraded rangefinder introduced with the Super 23 (1967) and Universal (1969) models had a magnification of 0.72× with a slightly increased effective baseline length of 61.2 mm (2.41 in).[7] In addition, the upgraded rangefinder had switchable brightline frames corresponding to the 100, 150, and 250 mm lenses, which automatically corrected for parallax.[7]

Super 23 with Sports Finder

As an accessory, each wide-angle lens was supplied with a supplementary viewfinder that attached to the accessory shoe on top of the camera. In addition, an external wire-frame Sports Finder was available as an accessory.

Focusing[edit]

Several focusing aids were available, including the Focusing Hood (for the M-type back interface),[2]: 24  Focusing Hood Model P (for the "native" Polaroid back interface on the Universal),[2]: 26  and right-angle and magnifying focusing backs (for the G-type back interface).[2]: 28 

Models[edit]

Mamiya Press cameras
Name Intro. Back Rear bellows
M G P
Press (Deluxe) 1960 (62) Yes No No Yes
Press G 1963 No Yes No Yes
Press S 1964 Yes No No No
23 Deluxe 1965 Yes No No Yes
23 Standard 1965 Yes No No No
Super 23 1967 Yes Yes No Yes
Universal 1969 Yes Yes Yes No

Generation 1[edit]

Mamiya Press (Deluxe)[edit]

The original Mamiya Press was introduced in September 1960 with the M-type (Mamiya) back attachment system. It came with a 90 mm lens and has a bellows mechanism on the back that allows up to 15 degrees of tilt and 31 mm of extension.[6] The camera was launched as the Mamiya Press Deluxe for the United States market in 1962.[1]: 130 

Mamiya Press G[edit]

The Press G, introduced in November 1963,[1]: 132  is identical to the original except for the G-type (Graflok) back attachment system, which is compatible with the same interface used by Graflex Speed Graphic cameras. Externally, the Press G can be distinguished by the color of the leather covering, which is black to match the Graflex accessories. The Press (Deluxe) is trimmed in grey leather instead.[8]

Mamiya Press S[edit]

The Press S is a simplified version of the original camera, introduced in June 1964. It features a fixed Mamiya Color Sekor 105 mm f/3.5 lens with four elements in three groups and does not have a rear bellows, but accepts the same rollfilm backs as the Press using a M-type interface.[9]

Generation 1.5[edit]

Mamiya 23 Deluxe[edit]

The original Press (Deluxe) was renamed to the Mamiya 23 Deluxe in 1965. The updated name reflected the camera's added ability to use 2×3 inch sheet film or 12-sheet "520" film packs with the ground glass holder, as an alternative to the standard rollfilm backs, via the M-type back attachment system.[5]

Mamiya 23 Standard[edit]

A simplified version, omitting the rear bellows, was introduced in July 1965 and named the 23 Standard;[1]: 132  the 23 Standard upgraded the Press S by adding the same interchangeable lens mount as the rest of the line. Externally, the top cover of the Standard has a satin chrome finish (instead of grey paint) and the body is colored black; the name is printed on the front of the camera near the rangefinder window.[10] After the Super 23 was released, replacing the 23 Deluxe, the 23 Standard was renamed to the Standard 23.[11]

Generation 2[edit]

Mamiya Super 23[edit]

Super 23 with rear bellows performing swing movement

Introduced in August 1967,[1]: 132  the Super 23 was the first major revision in the series. The body was redesigned, but still retains the rear bellows system. The much larger viewfinder includes selectable bright lines for the 100 mm, 150 mm, and 250 mm lenses for the first time.[7] The black-finished version of the Super 23 was introduced in October 1969.[12] The 100 mm lens became standard. M-Back adapter integrated like in the other earlier versions.[13]

The G-type back interface also could be fitted to the Super 23,[14] by exchanging the rear bellows standard.[15]

Mamiya Universal[edit]

The final model was introduced in April 1969 and was produced until 1991;[1]: 132  it was an update of the Standard 23, also omitting the rear bellows but equipped with the same viewfinder as the Super 23.[15] Like the Super 23, it was introduced initially with a chrome finish and a black-finished version followed in August 1971.[16]

As the Universal name indicates, it is compatible with both M-type and G-type back interfaces when properly equipped.[17] The "native" interface accepted a Polaroid back (60780) or a focusing back (60781) directly on the camera, and adapters were available for M-type (Mamiya, 60778) and G-type (Graflok, 60779) interfaces.[1]: 133 [4]

  • Universal bodies
    Universal bodies
  • Universal with 100mm f/3.5 lens, hood, and 6×7 rollfilm back
    Universal with 100mm f/3.5 lens, hood, and 6×7 rollfilm back
  • Universal Polaroid back (type 1)
    Universal Polaroid back (type 1)
  • Universal Polaroid back (type 2)
    Universal Polaroid back (type 2)
  • Ground glass focusing screen and hood for M-type
    Ground glass focusing screen and hood for M-type
  • G-type adapter for Universal
    G-type adapter for Universal

Polaroid 600 & 600 SE[edit]

Polaroid 600 SE with 127 mm lens

The Polaroid 600 and 600 SE are built by Mamiya, sharing their basic design with the Mamiya Universal but with physically incompatible back and lens mounts. The 600/SE are limited to using Polaroid Type 100 pack film through a removable back that is not compatible with the Mamiya P-type interface on the Universal. Whereas the 600 is a fixed-lens camera, equipped with the Mamiya 127 mm lens, the 600 SE is fitted with an interchangeable lens mount similar to the Mamiya Press line; however, only three lenses were made (75 mm, 127 mm, and 150 mm, sharing their optical design with their Mamiya Press counterparts) that cover the full Polaroid Type 100 frame size of 83 mm × 103 mm (3+1⁄4 in × 4 in).[18]

Both backs and lenses are mutually, deliberately incompatible between the Polaroid 600 and Mamiya Press systems to preserve their respective markets; however, an adapter was made later that allows the use of M-type rollfilm backs on the Polaroid 600.[19]

Lenses[edit]

All of the lenses have leaf shutters, which are released on the lens itself, not through the body as is typical with most cameras. The shutter is typically triggered from one of several models of removable grips, all of which have a built-in release cable. The lenses also have flash PC terminals compatible with M (flashbulb) or X (electronic flash) synchronization.[17]

Mamiya Universal with extension ring set

A set of five extension rings (60650) is available for close-up work.[4] In addition, there is a set of two spacers (60453) available for the Universal that extend the back away from the body, equivalent to the close-up capability enabled by the rear bellows on the Super 23.[2]: 32–33 [4]

Tetraphoto adapter for Mamiya Universal

On the Universal, a Tetraphoto (four-photo) or Duophoto (two-photo) adapter can be added to the front of the lens to capture multiple images simultaneously on Polaroid film.[20]

Mamiya-Sekor lenses for Mamiya Press cameras[4][21]
Focal length Aperture Image Construction[20] Angle of view Min. focus Filter size Weight Notes
Ele. Grp. 6×7 6×9 Pola.[a]
50 mm f/6.3–32 8 5 82° 89.5° — 3.3 ft (1.0 m) 72 mm 610 g (22 oz) Biogon-type, requires external viewfinder
65 mm f/6.3–32 4 4 68°12' 75°30' — 3.5 ft (1.1 m) 43 mm 350 g (12 oz) Topogon-type, requires external viewfinder
75 mm f/5.6–45 7 4 61° 68° 77° 3.5 ft (1.1 m) 72 mm 650 g (23 oz) Super Angulon-type, requires external viewfinder
90 mm f/3.5–45 4 3 51°50' 58°30' — 3.3 ft (1.0 m) 40.5 mm Tessar-type, standard lens for earlier cameras[22][23]
100 mm f/3.5–32 4 3 47°36' 53°36' — 3.5 ft (1.1 m) 55 mm[b] 480 g (17 oz) Tessar-type
100 mm f/2.8–32 6 4 47°36' 53°36' — 3.5 ft (1.1 m) 72 mm 700 g (25 oz) Planar (double Gauss)-type
127 mm f/4.7–64 4 3 38°40' 43°30' 50°50' 5 ft (1.5 m) 55 mm 470 g (17 oz) Tessar-type
150 mm f/5.6–45 4 3 38°40' 37°12' — 7 ft (2.1 m) 55 mm[b] 530 g (19 oz) Tele-Tessar-type
250 mm f/8.0–64 6 4 20°10' 22°50' — 12 ft (3.7 m) 55 mm Sonnar-type, not coupled with rangefinder[25]
250 mm f/5.0–45 6 4 20°10' 22°50' — 8 ft (2.4 m) 105 mm 1,825 g (64.4 oz) Sonnar-type, only for Universal and Super 23
Notes
  1. ^ When listed, this lens covers Polaroid Type 100 and Fuji FP-100C Instant film
  2. ^ a b Earlier (chrome-finished) lenses used a 40.5mm attachment size.[24]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Shell, Bob (1992). "8: Mamiya Universal Press System". Mamiya Medium Format Systems. St Helier, Jersey, Channel Islands: Hove Foto Books Limited. pp. 130–134. ISBN 0-906447-76-3.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Mamiya Universal Instruction Manual". Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Mamiya cameras, interchangeable lenses and accessories" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya Division of Ehrenreich Photo Optical Industries, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Mamiya Press Super 23 & Universal Press: Mamiya Lenses and Accessories" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya Division / Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industries, Inc. July 1970. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  5. ^ a b "Now there are two Mamiya 23 Press cameras" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya division of Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industrics, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  6. ^ a b "マミヤ　プレス　( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ )" [1960: Mamiya Press]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  7. ^ a b c "マミヤ　プレス　スーパー２３ ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｓｕｐｅｒ　２３ )" [1967: Mamiya Press Super 23]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  8. ^ "マミヤ　プレス　Ｇ ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｇ )" [1963: Mamiya Press G]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 3, 2015.
  9. ^ "マミヤ　プレス　Ｓ ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｓ )" [1964: Mamiya Press s]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  10. ^ "マミヤ　プレス　スタンダード ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄ )" [1965: Mamiya Press Standard]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  11. ^ "Mamiya Standard 23" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya division of Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industrics, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  12. ^ "マミヤ　プレス　スーパー２３　ブラック ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｓｕｐｅｒ２３　Ｂｌａｃｋ )" [1969: Mamiya Press Super 23 Black]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  13. ^ "Mamiya Super 23" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya division of Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industrics, Inc. February 1973. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  14. ^ "AS IS Mamiya Super 23 Press camera with 100mm Sekor lens and pro-s 220 6x7 back". eBay.com. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  15. ^ a b "マミヤ　ユニバーサル　プレス ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓａｌ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ )" [1969: Mamiya Universal Press]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  16. ^ "マミヤ　ユニバーサル　プレス　ブラック ( Ｍａｍｉｙａ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓａｌ　Ｐｒｅｓｓ　Ｂｌａｃｋ )" [1971: Mamiya Universal Press Black]. Mamiya's History (in Japanese). Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 2, 2015.
  17. ^ a b "Mamiya Universal" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya division of Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industrics, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  18. ^ "Polaroid 600/600SE Camera User Guide" (PDF). Polaroid Corporation. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  19. ^ "Polaroid 600SE". instantphoto.eu. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  20. ^ a b "Mamiya Press Super 23 & Universal Press: Compact Multi-Format Cameras, Lenses, and Accessories" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Bell & Howell / Mamiya Corporation. February 1976. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  21. ^ "Mamiya Universal Press: Compact Multi-Format Camera System" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Bell & Howell-Mamiya Company. August 1978. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  22. ^ "Mamiya Press 23" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya Division / Ehrenreich Photo-Optical Industries, Inc. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  23. ^ "Mamiya Press Standard User's Manual". Butkus.org. Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  24. ^ "Mamiya Press Super 23 User's Manual" (PDF). Pacific Rim Camera, Reference Library. Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. 1968. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  25. ^ "Mamiya Universal Lenses". Butkus.org. Mamiya Camera Co., Ltd. Retrieved 26 March 2023.

External links[edit]

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