DMK-led Alliance
DMK-led Alliance | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | DMK+ |
| Leader | M. Karunanidhi |
| Founder | C. N. Annadurai |
| Founded | February 1967 |
| Dissolved | March 2006 |
| Succeeded by | Democratic Progressive Alliance (DPA) |
| Political position | Big tent |
| Colours | Red |
| This article is part of a series on the |
| Politics of Tamil Nadu |
|---|
 |
The DMK-led Alliance (abbr. DMK+) is an Indian regional political party alliance in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry led by the Dravidian party Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam founded by the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu C. N. Annadurai in 1967.
History[edit]
The General Secretary and Founder of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, C. N. Annadurai formed an alliance comprising Swatantra Party, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Indian Union Muslim League for the 1967 Indian general election. Whereas the alliance for 1967 Madras State Legislative Assembly election also included Praja Socialist Party, Samyukta Socialist Party, Naam Tamilar Katchi, Tamil Arasu Kazhagam and a couple of Independents.
Indian General Election[edit]
Post the demise of DMK Chief Minister C. N. Annadurai, senior leader and minister M. Karunanidhi assumed charge as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu in 1969. He decided to form an alliance with Indian National Congress (R), Communist Party of India, Indian Union Muslim League and All India Forward Bloc for the 1971 Indian general election.
For the 1977 Indian general election, the party formed an alliance with Indian National Congress (Organization) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) as a part of "Janata Alliance". The alliance won only five seats in the election.[1]
For the 1980 Indian general election, the party formed an alliance with Indian National Congress and Indian Union Muslim League as a part of "Congress Alliance". The alliance won 37 seats in the election.[2]
For the 1984 Indian general election, the party formed an alliance with Janata Party, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India and Tamil Nadu Congress Party. The alliance won only 2 seats due to a political wave in favour of demise of Indira Gandhi.
For the 1989 Indian general election, the party formed an alliance with Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Janata Dal. The alliance won only the Nagapattinam seat. But the new government under V. P. Singh made Murasoli Maran as a cabinet minister for Ministry of Urban Development after his nomination as a Rajya Sabha member[3]
.
For the 1991 Indian general election, the party continued its alliance with Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Janata Dal as a part of the National Front. The alliance lost heavily, not winning a single seat. During this election, Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated, when campaigning for Margatham Chandrasekar for the Indian National Congress, in the Sriperumbudur constituency.
For the 1996 Indian general election, the party formed a formidable alliance with Tamil Maanila Congress, a brek away faction from Indian National Congress and Communist Party of India. The alliance bagged all the 39 seats in Tamil Nadu.[4][5]
For the 1998 Indian general election, the party formed a formidable alliance with Tamil Maanila Congress and Communist Party of India. The alliance bagged only 9 seats in Tamil Nadu. Even though Communist Party of India (Marxist) originally wanted to contest in support of the United Front, it decided to contest alone when only 1 seat (Coimbatore) was offered. After the fallout, Communist Party of India (Marxist) wanted to contest 6 seats in Tamil Nadu on its own, but eventually only contested 2 seats and decided to support DMK-TMC front in the other 37 seats. This was done to keep out the possibility of any vote splitting that might result in National Democratic Alliance gaining seats.[6]
For the 1999 Indian general election, the party formed a formidable alliance with Pattali Makkal Katchi, Bharatiya Janata Party, Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, MGR Kazhagam and Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress.[7] The alliance bagged 26 seats in the election with a large chunk of ministers from Tamil Nadu being appoined in the NDA Ministry.[8]
For the 2004 Indian general election, the party formed a formidable alliance with Indian National Congress, Pattali Makkal Katchi, Indian Union Muslim League, Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India, Congress Jananayaka Peravai and bagged all the 39 seats.[9]
Members In DMK Led-Alliance[edit]
| Political Party | State | Time of being situated | Eci Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu | 1967-2006 | State party | |
| Indian National Congress | All India | 1971-1974, 1980-1983, 2004-2006 | National party | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party | All India |
1999-2003 |
National party | |
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
1999-2001, 2002-2006 |
unrecognized party | |
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu |
1999-2001, 2004-2006 |
unrecognized party | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | All India |
1967-1971, 1984-1999, 2004-2006 |
National party | |
| Communist Party of India | All India |
1971-1977, 1984-1989, 1991-1999, 2004-2006 |
State party | |
| Janata Dal | All India |
1989-1996 |
unrecognized party | |
| Janata Party | All India |
1977-1980, 1984-1989 |
unrecognized party | |
| Indian Union Muslim League | All India |
1967-1977, 1980-1984, 2004-2006 |
State party | |
| Puthiya Tamilagam | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2004, 2014-2019 |
unrecognized party | |
| Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2004 |
unrecognized party | |
| Tamil Maanila Congress |
1996-1999 later merged with INC |
unrecognized party | ||
| All India Forward Bloc | All India |
1967-1977, 1996-2001 |
state party | |
| Thayaga Marumalarchi Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu |
1991 |
unrecognized party | |
| Indian National League | Tamil Nadu |
1996-2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Puratchi Bharatham Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2006 |
unrecognized party | |
| MGR Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu |
1995-2004 |
unrecognized party | |
| Congress Jananayaka Peravai | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2004 later merged with INC |
unrecognized party | |
| MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Tamil Nadu |
1999-2003 later merged with BJP |
unrecognized party | |
| Makkal Tamil Desam Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2004 |
unrecognized party | |
| Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress | Tamil Nadu |
1999-2001 later merged with INC |
unrecognized party | |
| Puthiya Needhi Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2004 |
unrecognized party | |
| Thondar Congress | Tamil Nadu |
2001-2002 later merged with INC |
unrecognized party | |
| Kongunadu Makkal Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Indian Uzhavar Uzhaippalar Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Thamilar Bhoomi | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Thamizhaga Muslim Iykka Jamaat | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Tamil Pattali Makkal Katchi | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
| Tamilnadu Mutharayar Sangam | Tamil Nadu |
2001 |
unrecognized party | |
Indian general elections[edit]
Tamil Nadu[edit]
Puducherry[edit]
| Duration | Election year | Allied parties | Contested by | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMK - Congress Alliance | ||||
| 1971 | 1971 | DMK, INC, CPI and IUML | INC | Won |
| DMK - Congress(O) Alliance | ||||
| 1977 | 1977 | DMK, INC(O), CPI(M) | INC | Lost |
| DMK - Congress Alliance | ||||
| 1980 | 1980 | DMK, INC(O), CPI(M) | INC | Won |
| DMK - Janata Party Alliance | ||||
| 1984 | 1984 | DMK, JP, CPI(M), CPI | DMK | Lost |
| National Front | ||||
| 1989 | 1989 | DMK, JP, CPI(M), CPI | DMK | Lost |
| National Front | ||||
| 1991 | 1991 | DMK, JP, CPI(M), CPI | DMK | Lost |
| United Front | ||||
| 1996 | 1996 | DMK, TMC(M), CPI | DMK | Lost |
| United Front | ||||
| 1998 | 1998 | DMK, TMC(M), CPI | DMK | Won |
| National Democratic Alliance | ||||
| 1999 | 1999 | DMK, BJP, PMK | PMK | Lost |
| United Progressive Alliance | ||||
| 2004 | 2004 | DMK, INC, PMK, IUML, CPI, CPI(M) | PMK | Won |
State Legislative Assembly elections[edit]
Tamil Nadu[edit]
Puducherry[edit]
| Duration | Election Year | Allied parties | Seats won |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMK-CPI Alliance | |||
| 1969 | 1969 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK, CPI and two Independents | 20 / 30
|
| DMK+ | |||
| 1974 | 1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK | 2 / 30
|
| 1977 | 1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | 3 / 30
| |
| DMK-Congress(Indira) Alliance | |||
| 1980 | 1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK, Indian National Congress(Indira) and two Independents | 26 / 30
|
| DMK-Janata Party Alliance | |||
| 1985 | 1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK and JP | 7 / 30
|
| DMK-CPI Alliance | |||
| 1990 | 1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK , CPI, JD and an Independent | 16 / 30
|
| 1991 | 1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK , CPI, JD and two Independents | 9 / 30
|
| 1996 | 1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK , TMC(M), CPI, JD and two Independents | 17 / 30
|
| National Democratic Alliance | |||
| 2001 | 2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election | DMK , BJP, PMC | 12 / 30
|
Dissolution[edit]
The alliance was dissolved in 2006 to form the "Democratic Progressive Alliance" . Then the alliance was eventually named as Secular Progressive Alliance in 2018 by the newly elected DMK President M. K. Stalin.
See also[edit]
- Secular Progressive Alliance
- AIADMK-led Alliance
- United Progressive Alliance
- National Democratic Alliance
- National Front
References[edit]
- ^ "India - Date of Elections: March 16 to 20, 1977" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 April 2022.
- ^ "From the archives: Why is 1980 Tamil Nadu Assembly election worthy of note?". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Crossette, Barbara (6 December 1989). "New Indian Leader Swears in Cabinet". The New York Times.
- ^ "Indian Union – Council of Ministers". Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 12 December 2009.
- ^ "ECI: Statistical Report 1998" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-06-16.
- ^ "Piqued CPM to stay away from Front in TN".
- ^ "Jaya dumps unwanted seats on Cong". indianexpress.com. 1999-07-31. Archived from the original on 2008-07-16.
- ^ "News Headings". www.tribuneindia.com.
- ^ "The Hindu : Tamil Nadu News : Ayodhya one reason for quitting NDA, says Karunanidhi". Archived from the original on 13 September 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
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Bibliography[edit]
- Volume I, 1967 Indian general election, 4th Lok Sabha
- Volume I, 1971 Indian general election, 5th Lok Sabha
- DMK on the Defensive Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 6, No. 3/5, Annual Number (Jan., 1971), pp. 189–190 Published by: Economic and Political Weekly
- Volume I, 1977 Indian general election, 6th Lok Sabha
- Volume I, 1980 Indian general election, 7th Lok Sabha