Netelia producta
| Netelia producta | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Subfamily: | Tryphoninae |
| Tribe: | Phytodietini |
| Genus: | Netelia |
| Species: | N. producta
|
| Binomial name | |
| Netelia producta Brullé, 1846
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Netelia foveata Cameron 1898 | |
Netelia producta is a species of ichneumonid wasp in the subfamily Tryphoninae found in Australia.
Description and identification[edit]
N. producta is one of about 9 described species and 11 undescribed species in its genus found in Australia.[1] It is uniformly orange-brown in color like most members of the genus, and separation from its allies can only be reliably done by inspection of male genitalia with respect to a structure on the clasper.[2]
Distribution[edit]
N. producta is endemic to Australia.[3]
Life cycle[edit]
Netelia producta is a koinobiont larval parasitoid of caterpillars in the family Noctuidae.[4] Among these hosts is the genus Helicoverpa, including Helicoverpa armigera, which is a pest of crops including tomatoes.[3]
The female envenomates the host caterpillar to paralyze it and lays an egg behind the head capsule.[5][6] After the egg hatches, the larva feeds on its host as the host develops.[5] The larva later emerges once the host becomes a prepupa,[7] which kills the host. The larva then spins its own black-colored cocoon out of silk and pupates in the subterranean pupation chamber created by its host.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ Gauld, I.D. (1984). An Introduction to the Ichneumonidae of Australia. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 413 pp. ISBN 0-565-00895-1.
- ^ Konishi, Kazuhiko (2014). "A revision of the subgenus Bessobates of the genus Netelia from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae)". Zootaxa. 3755 (4): 301–346. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3755.4.1. PMID 24869824. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
- ^ a b Berry, Jocelyn A.; Walker, Graham P. (2004). "Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae): An exotic polyphagous parasitoid in New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 31 (1): 33–44. doi:10.1080/03014223.2004.9518357. ISSN 0301-4223. S2CID 83479676.
- ^ Quicke, Donald L.J.; Butcher, Buntika A. (2021). "Review of Venoms of Non-Polydnavirus Carrying Ichneumonoid Wasps". Biology. 10 (1): 50. doi:10.3390/biology10010050. PMC 7828074. PMID 33445639.
- ^ a b c Johns, Caitlin V.; Whitehouse, Mary E.A. (2004). "Mass rearing of two larval parasitoids of Helicoverpa spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Netelia producta (Brullé) and Heteropelma scaposum (Morley) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) for field release". Australian Journal of Entomology. 43 (1): 83–87. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.2004.00402.x.
- ^ Walker, Paul W. (2011). "Biology and development of Chaetophthalmus dorsalis (Malloch) (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitising Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and H. punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in the laboratory". Australian Journal of Entomology. 50 (3): 309–318. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.2011.00820.x.
- ^ Murray, D.A.H.; Zalucki, M.P. (1994). "Spatial Distribution and Mortality of Helicoverpa spp. Pupae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Field Crops on the Darling Downs, Queensland". Australian Journal of Entomology. 33 (3): 193–198. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1994.tb01215.x.
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