Erythranthe parishii
| Erythranthe parishii | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ventura County, California, 2019 | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Phrymaceae |
| Genus: | Erythranthe |
| Species: | E. parishii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Erythranthe parishii | |
Erythranthe parishii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Parish's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus parishii.[1][2][3][4]
It is native to the mountains and hills of the southern half of California, far western Nevada, and northern Baja California, where it grows in wet, sandy habitat such as streambanks.
The flowers primarily self-pollinate, but the species evolved from an out-crossing ancestor similar to E. lewisii.[5] The flower size greatly reduced as the species transitioned to self-pollination through changes in a number of genes that each have a small effect on the size.[5]
Description[edit]
Erythranthe parishii is an annual herb growing up to 50 centimeters in maximum height with a stout, hairy stem.[6] The oppositely arranged oval or widely lance-shaped leaves are up to 7.5 centimeters long.
The narrow, tubular base of the flower is encapsulated in a ribbed calyx of sepals with pointed lobes. The five-lobed flower is almost white, often tinged with pink.
References[edit]
- ^ Barker, W.R.; Nesom, G.L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Fraga, N.S. (2012), "A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscriptions for Mimulus, new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations" (PDF), Phytoneuron, 2012–39: 1–60
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi:10.1554/02-086. JSTOR 3448862. PMID 12894947. S2CID 198154155.
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR 4122195. PMID 21665709.
- ^ Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.474. JSTOR 4123743. PMID 21653403.
- ^ a b Fishman, L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Stathos, A.; Williams, C.F.; Hill, J.P. (2015), "The genetic architecture of traits associated with the evolution of self-pollination in Mimulus", New Phytologist, 205 (2): 907–917, doi:10.1111/nph.13091, PMID 25306861
- ^ Munz, P.A.; Keck, D.D. (1973), A California Flora, University of California Press, p. 614, ISBN 9780520024052
External links[edit]
- Calflora Database: Mimulus parishii (Parish mimulus, Parish's monkeyflower)
- Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment of Mimulus parishii
- USDA Plants Profile for Parish's monkeyflower
- UC CalPhotos gallery
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