Utania
| Utania | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Gentianaceae |
| Tribe: | Potalieae |
| Subtribe: | Potaliinae |
| Genus: | Utania G.Don |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Utania is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Potalieae, and the subtribe Potaliinae.[1][2] A small genus it has 12 species.
Description[edit]
Small to medium trees, usually 1-3m tall, but occasionally up to 30m. The trunk is orthotropic (grows vertically), monopodial (growing upward from a single point), with continuous growth. Bark becomes fissured as tree ages. Features that distinguish this genus from other Gentianaceae include an architecture with continuous stem or trunk growth; branches that grow plagiotropic (inclined away from the vertical, inclined towards the horizontal) with a leaf arrangement that is distichous ("two rowed", where leaves are arranged in two vertical columns on opposite sides of the stem); non-resinous terminal vegetative buds; and an inflorescence that is pendulous and has a structure that is an elongate panicle with branching that is cymose (several pairs of branching, condensed, distinctly shorter than rachis), white flowers; the dried fruit (pale to dark brown at maturity) have a surface that is firm and smooth, with the epidermis not detaching from the pericarp.[3][4] Shared with some other genera, Utania has fruit that do not produce any latex and polygonal seeds.
Distribution[edit]
Plants of the genus are found from Solomon Islands to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in Tropical Asia.[1] Regions in which they are found include: Solomon Islands; Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory); Papua New Guinea mainland; Indonesia (Papua, West Papua, Maluku, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Jawa; Sumatera); Philippines; Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, Peninsular Malaysia); Brunei; Singapore; Thailand; Vietnam; Cambodia; Laos; Myanmar; Nicobar Islands; Andaman Islands.
List of accepted species[edit]
- Utania austromalayensis Sugumaran
- Utania cuspidata (Blume) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania maingayi (C.B.Clarke) Sugumaran
- Utania montana (K.M.Wong & Sugau) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania nervosa K.M.Wong & Sugumaran
- Utania peninsularis (K.M.Wong & Sugau) Sugumaran
- Utania philippinensis (K.M.Wong & Sugau) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania racemosa (Jack) Sugumaran
- Utania spicata (Baker) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania stenophylla (Becc. ex Merr.) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania teysmannii (Cammerl.) K.M.Wong, Sugumaran & Sugau
- Utania volubilis (Wall.) Sugumaran
Cultivation[edit]
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References[edit]
- ^ a b c d "Utania G.Don". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ "Utania (Gentianaceae)". Wikispecies. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ Wong, K.M.; Sugumaran, M. (2012). "Studies in Malesian Gentianaceae II: A taxonomic framework for the Fagraea complex, including the new genus Limahlania". Gardens' Bulletin Singapore. 64 (2): 481–495. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ Sugumaran, M.; Wong, K.M. (2014). "Studies in Malesian Gentianaceae, VI. A revision of Utania in the Malay Peninsula with two new species". Plant Ecology and Evolution. 147 (2): 213–223. doi:10.5091/plecevo.2014.971.
Further reading[edit]
- Don, G. 1837. A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants 4: 645, 663.
- Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Utania in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- Hassler, M. 2017. Utania. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World. In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life