Albert Levan
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Albert Levan | |
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| Born | 8 March 1905 Gothenburg, Sweden |
| Died | 28 March 1998 (aged 93) Lund, Sweden |
| Known for | Showing that humans have 46 chromosomes |
Albert Levan (8 March 1905, Gothenburg – 28 March 1998, Lund) was a Swedish botanist and geneticist.
Albert Levan is best known today for co-authoring the report in 1956 that humans had 46 chromosomes (instead of 48, as previously believed). This epochal discovery was made by Joe Hin Tjio in Levan's laboratory.[1]
Originally specialising in plant cytology,[2] Levan later turned to the similarities in the chromosome structure of cancer cells and errors introduced to plant cells via chemical or radioactive elements.[3][4] These studies later led to examination of chromosomes in animal cells.[5]
In 1953, a lab mistake involving mixing HeLa cells with the wrong liquid led Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan to develop better techniques for staining and counting chromosomes. It allowed researchers for the first time to see and count each chromosome clearly in the HeLa cells with which they were working. They were the first to show that humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes rather than 24, as was previously believed. This was important for the study of developmental disorders, such as Down syndrome, that involve the number of chromosomes.[6]
Levan was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1967.
References[edit]
- ^ Tjio, Joe Hin; Levan, Albert (1956). "The chromosome number of man". Hereditas. 42 (1–2): 1–6. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1956.tb03010.x.
- ^ Levan, A. (1938). "Cytological phenomena connected with the root swelling caused by growth substances". Hereditas. 25: 87–96.
- ^ Levan, A.; Tjio, J. H. (1948). "Induction of chromosome fragmentation by phenols". Hereditas. 34: 453–484.
- ^ Kihlman, B.; Levan, A. (1949). "The cytological effect of caffeine". Hereditas. 35: 109–111.
- ^ Mitelman, Felix; Mark, Joachim; Levan, Göran; Levan, Albert (1972). "Tumor Etiology and Chromosome Pattern". Science. 176 (4041): 1340–1341. doi:10.1126/science.176.4041.1340.
- ^ MacDonald, Anna (13 June 2018). "5 Contributions HeLa Cells Have Made to Science". Cell Science from Technology Networks. Retrieved 2020-03-25.
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