Flotilla Service Act of 1814
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| Long title | An Act authorizing the appointment of certain officers for the flotilla service. |
|---|---|
| Enacted by | the 13th United States Congress |
| Effective | April 16, 1814 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | Pub. L. 13–59 |
| Statutes at Large | 3 Stat. 125, Chap. 59 |
| Codification | |
| Acts repealed | P.L. 13-62, 3 Stat. 217, Chap.62 |
| Legislative history | |
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Flotilla Service Act was a United States federal statute passed on April 16, 1814 preceding the British Royal Navy blockade of the New England Colonies commencing on April 25, 1814.[2][3] The public law established a temporary Mid-Atlantic naval auxiliary service for amphibious operations orchestrated by the Chesapeake Colonies during the War of 1812. The Chesapeake Bay Flotilla conducted amphibious maneuvers in low-level tidal creeks seeking to deter the territorial headway of the British Royal Navy offensive into the Chesapeake Bay tributaries. The Act of Congress authorized appropriations for the federal law in response to the foreseeable onslaught by the British Army redcoats arson offensive on August 24, 1814 at Washington City better known as the Burning of Washington.[4]
Provisions of the Act[edit]
The Thirteenth United States Congress drafted public law 13-59 as three sections providing a manpower formulation which coincided with the military objectives discharged by the Colonial American counter-offensive naval flotilla forces.
Chapter LIX § 1: Appointment of Flotilla Officers
- Four captains
- Twelve lieutenants
- Officers employed in the flotilla service of the United States, without rank in the Navy, but with the same relative rank and authority in the flotilla service as officers of the same grade are entitled to in the Navy of the United States.
Chapter LIX § 2: Pay and Emoluments
- Captains shall receive the pay and subsistence of a captain in the Navy commanding a ship of twenty and under thirty-two guns.
- Lieutenants shall receive the same pay as officers of the same rank are entitled to in the Navy of the United States, and shall be governed by the rules and regulations provided for the government of the Navy.
Chapter LIX § 3: Authorization of Presidential Appointments
- It shall be lawful for the President of the United States to appoint, in the recess of the Senate, any of the officers authorized by this act, which appointments shall be submitted to the Senate at their next session.
Abolishment of the Flotilla Service Act[edit]
On the tenth day after the ratification of the Treaty of Ghent, Flotilla Service Act of 1814 was repealed by the United States 13th Congressional session occurring on February 27, 1815.[5][6][7]
See also[edit]
| Battle of Baltimore | Origins of the War of 1812 |
| Joshua Barney | Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail |
| Loyalist of the American Revolution | USS Scorpion (1812) |
British Royal Military Commanders During the 1814 Washington Offensive
| Alexander Cochrane | Robert Ross |
| George Cockburn | James Scott |
| George de Lacy Evans | Harry Smith |
| James Gordon | John Wainwright |
Chesapeake Bay River Tributaries
| Anacostia River | Patuxent River |
| Patapsco River | Potomac River |
References[edit]
- ^ "Flotilla Service Act of 1814 - Senate Bill 52". Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, 13th Congress. V (Thursday, April 7, 1814). U.S. Library of Congress: 488.
- ^ Lambert, PhD, Andrew. "British Strategy in the War of 1812" (PDF). Sea History No. 145, Winter 2013-14. National Maritime Historical Society.
- ^ "The War of 1812". American Military History. Office of the Chief of Military History - United States Army. pp. 130–131.
- ^ "Days of Destruction: August 24-25, 1814" [United States Capitol, President's House, The Navy Yard, Treasury Department & Other Buildings, Saving the Washington Portrait]. WhitehouseHistory.org. White House Historical Association.
- ^ "Repeal of Flotilla Service Act ~ P.L. 13-62" (PDF). 3 Stat. 217 ~ Chapter LXII. USLaw.Link. February 27, 1815.
- ^ "Relief of Commodore Barney". Annals of Congress, House of Representatives, 13th Congress, 3rd Session (Thursday, October 20, 1814). U.S. Library of Congress: 414–416.
- ^ "The Flotilla Men". Annals of Congress, House of Representatives, 13th Congress, 3rd Session (Wednesday, November 2, 1814). U.S. Library of Congress: 517.
Associated United States Statutes[edit]
U.S. Laws Related to Coastal Conflict During War of 1812
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Reading Bibliography[edit]
- Barney, Mary (1832). "Biographical Memoir of the Late Commodore Joshua Barney". Google Books. Boston, Massachusetts: Gray and Bowen. OCLC 2577741.
- Barney, Mary (1832). "Biographical Memoir of the Late Commodore Joshua Barney". Internet Archive. Boston, Massachusetts: Gray and Bowen. OCLC 2577741.
- Shomette, Donald (1981). "Flotilla: Battle for the Patuxent". Google Books. Solomons, Maryland: Calvert Marine Museum Press. OCLC 7967914.
- Shomette, Donald; Hopkins, Jr., Fred W. (2009). "Flotilla: The Patuxent Naval Campaign in the War of 1812". Google Books. Johns Hopkins Books on the War of 1812. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0801891229. OCLC 966582548.
- Eshelman, Ralph E.; Sheads, Scott S.; Hickey, Donald R. (2010). "The War of 1812 in the Chesapeake: A Reference Guide to Historic Sites in Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia". Google Books. Johns Hopkins books on the War of 1812. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0801892356. OCLC 260254246.
- Quick, Stanley L.; Reid, Chipp (2015). "Lion in the Bay: The British Invasion of the Chesapeake, 1813-14". Google Books. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1612512372. OCLC 908374258.
- Neimeyer, Charles Patrick (2015). "War in the Chesapeake: The British Campaigns to Control the Bay, 1813-1814". Google Books. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1612518664. OCLC 931799215.
External links[edit]
Works related to Flotilla Service Act of 1814 at Wikisource- "The Chesapeake Flotilla" [Excerpt from the Maryland Historical Trust]. Barney Family Historical Association. September 24, 1997.
- "Barney's Flotilla". WhitehouseHistory.org. White House Historical Association.
- "Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Statement" (PDF). U.S. National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. March 2004.
- "Operations Around Washington D.C. and Baltimore, 19 August-17 September 1814" (PDF). The War of 1812. West Point, New York: United States Military Academy.
- Black, Jeremy (August 2008). "A British View of the Naval War of 1812". Naval History. Vol. 22, no. 4. United States Naval Institute.
- Eden, US Army: LTC, Steven (October 2010). "Commodore Barney at the Bladensburg Races". Naval History. Vol. 24, no. 5. United States Naval Institute.
- Foreman, Amanda (July 2014). "The British View the War of 1812 Quite Differently Than Americans Do". Smithsonian Magazine.
- "The Chesapeake Flotilla" [War on the Patuxent: 1814]. Bugeye Times Quarterly Newsletter. Solomons, Maryland: Calvert Marine Museum. 1981.
- "Archeology: Discovering Hidden 1812 History". U.S. National Park Service. Preserving the War of 1812 for Future Generations. U.S. Department of the Interior.
- Diane Garey (Director), Lawrence Hott (Director), Joe Mantegna (Narrator) (October 10, 2011). The British Blockade [The War of 1812] (Television production). Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).
- Reid, Chipp (May 28, 2016). "British Invasion of the Chesapeake". Internet Archive. C-SPAN.
